IX campeyyakkhandhako

Nun zu dieser Zeit verweilte der Buddha, der Befreite, near Campā, on the banks of the Gaggarā Lotus Pond.

Und zu dieser Zeit, there was a village named Vāsabha in the countryside of Kāsi.

A Bhikkhu of the Kassapa clan1 was a resident there—devoted to the tradition, engaged in making an effort, (thinking,) “How could well-behaved Bhikkhus who haven’t come come; how could the well-behaved Bhikkhus who have come live comfortably, and this residence experience development, growth, and abundance?”

1. This could also be translated as ‘a Bhikkhu named Kassapagotta [Kassapa Clan]’.

“Devoted to the tradition”: bound to the tradition [lit. ‘thread’] of what should be done at that residence.

Nun, zu dieser Zeit, mehrere Bhikkhus, going on a walking tour among the Kāsis, arrived at Vāsabha Village.

The Bhikkhu of the Kassapa clan saw the Bhikkhus coming in the distance and, on seeing them, laid out seats, set out water for washing his feet, a foot-stand, and a pebble foot wiper.

Having gone out to meet them, he received their bowls and robes. He asked them if they wanted drinking water, made an effort (to prepare) baths, and even made an effort (to get) conjey, non-staple foods, and staple foods (for them).

Then the thought occurred to those ankommende Bhikkhus, “Friends, what a stroke of luck, this resident Bhikkhu! He makes an effort (to prepare) baths, and even makes an effort (to get) conjey, non-staple foods, and staple foods (for us). Friends, lets make our residence right here at Vāsabha Village.”

So the ankommende Bhikkhus made their residence right there at Vāsabha Village.

Then the thought occurred to the Bhikkhu of the Kassapa clan, “Whatever weariness from traveling these ankommende Bhikkhus had has subsided. And they, who were unfamiliar with the (alms)-range, are now familiar with it. It’s difficult to keep making an effort for those of other families for one’s whole life, and hints are displeasing to people. What if I were to not make an effort (to get) conjey, non-staple foods, and staple foods (for them)?”

So he didn’t make an effort (to get) conjey, non-staple foods, and staple foods (for them).

Then the thought occurred to the ankommende Bhikkhus, “Friends, at first this resident Bhikkhu made an effort (to prepare) baths, and even made an effort (to get) conjey, non-staple foods, and staple foods (for us).

“But now he doesn’t make an effort (to get) conjey, non-staple foods, and staple foods (for us). Now he’s turned bad, this resident Bhikkhu. Come on, friends, let’s suspend this resident Bhikkhu!”

So the ankommende Bhikkhus gathered and said to the Bhikkhu of the Kassapa clan, “Freund, at first you made an effort (to prepare) baths, and even made an effort (to get) conjey, non-staple foods, and staple foods (for us).

“But now you don’t make an effort (to get) conjey, non-staple foods, and staple foods (for us). You have in ein Vergehen gestürzt, friend. Do you see that offense?”

“Friends, I have no offense that I should see.”

Then the ankommende Bhikkhus suspended the Bhikkhu of the Kassapa clan for not seeing an offense. [BMC]

The thought occurred to the Bhikkhu of the Kassapa clan, “I don’t know if that is an offense or a non-offense, whether I have fallen (into an offense) or have not fallen, whether I am suspended or un-suspended, whether by a Dhamma or non-Dhamma (transaction), reversible or not, fit to stand or not. What if I were to go to Campā and ask the Blessed One about this matter?”

So the Bhikkhu of the Kassapa clan put his lodgings in order and—taking his robes and bowl—set out for Campā. Traveling by stages, he went to Campā and zum Befreiten. On arrival, having bowed down to him, he setzte sich an eine Seite.

Es ist Gepflogenheit für Buddhas, Befreite, Zuvorkommenheiten mit ankommenden Bhikkhus auszutauschen.

Dann sprach der Befreite zu den Bhikkhu of the Kassapa clan, “Is it agreeable, Bhikkhu? Are you getting by? Seid Ihr die Straße mit wenig Überdruß entlang gekommen? Where are you coming from, Bhikkhu?”

“It’s agreeable, O Blessed One. I’m getting by, O Blessed One. And I came along the road with little weariness, lord.

“Lord, there is a village named Vāsabha in the countryside of Kāsi. I was a resident there—devoted to the tradition, engaged in making an effort, (thinking,) ‘How could well-behaved Bhikkhus who haven’t come come; how could the well-behaved Bhikkhus who have come live comfortably, and this residence experience development, growth, and abundance?’

“Then mehrere Bhikkhus, going on a walking tour among the Kāsis, arrived at Vāsabha Village.

“I saw the Bhikkhus coming in the distance and, on seeing them, laid out seats, set out water for washing his feet, a foot-stand, and a pebble foot wiper.

“Having gone out to meet them, I received their bowls and robes. I asked them if they wanted drinking water, made an effort (to prepare) baths, and even made an effort (to get) conjey, non-staple foods, and staple foods (for them).

“Then the thought occurred to those ankommende Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, what a stroke of luck, this resident Bhikkhu! He makes an effort (to prepare) baths, and even makes an effort (to get) conjey, non-staple foods, and staple foods (for us). Friends, lets make our residence right here at Vāsabha Village.’

“So the ankommende Bhikkhus made their residence right there at Vāsabha Village.

“Then the thought occurred to me, ‘Whatever weariness from traveling these ankommende Bhikkhus had has subsided. And they, who were unfamiliar with the (alms)-range are now familiar with it. It’s difficult to keep making an effort for those of other families for one’s whole life, and hints are displeasing to people. What if I were to not make an effort (to get) conjey, non-staple foods, and staple foods (for them)?’

“So I didn’t make an effort (to get) conjey, non-staple foods, and staple foods (for them).

“Then the thought occurred to the ankommende Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, at first this resident Bhikkhu made an effort (to prepare) baths, and even made an effort (to get) conjey, non-staple foods, and staple foods (for us).

“‘But now he doesn’t make an effort (to get) conjey, non-staple foods, and staple foods (for us). Now he’s turned bad, this resident Bhikkhu. Come on, friends, let’s suspend this resident Bhikkhu!’

“So the visiting Bhikkhus gathered and said to me, ‘Freund, at first you made an effort (to prepare) baths, and even made an effort (to get) conjey, non-staple foods, and staple foods (for us).

“‘But now you don’t make an effort (to get) conjey, non-staple foods, and staple foods (for us). You have in ein Vergehen gestürzt, friend. Do you see that offense?’

“‘Friends, I have no offense that I should see.’”

“Then, lord, the ankommende Bhikkhus suspended me for not seeing an offense.

“The thought occurred to me, ‘I don’t know if that is an offense or a non-offense, whether I have fallen (into an offense) or have not fallen, whether I am suspended or un-suspended, whether by a Dhamma or non-Dhamma (transaction), reversible or not, fit to stand or not. What if I were to go to Campā and ask the Blessed One about this matter?’

“That’s why I came here, O Blessed One.”

“Bhikkhu, that is a non-offense, not an offense. You are one who has not in ein Vergehen gestürzt, you are not one who has in ein Vergehen gestürzt. You are un-suspended, not suspended. You were suspended with a non-Dhamma transaction, reversible, not fit to stand. Go Bhikkhu, make your residence right there at Vāsabha Village.”

Responding, “As you say, lord,” zum Befreiten, the Bhikkhu of the Kassapa clan got up from his seat, bowed down to him, circumambulated him, keeping him to his right, and set out for Vāsabha Village.

Then those ankommende Bhikkhus became anxious and remorseful, (thinking,) “It’s no gain for us! It’s not a gain for us! It’s ill-gained for us! It’s not well-gained!—in that, without grounds, without reason, we suspended a pure Bhikkhu, without offense.

“Come friends, let’s go to Campā and confess this transgression as such in the Blessed One’s presence.”

So the ankommende Bhikkhus put their lodgings in order and—taking their robes and bowls—set out for Campā. Traveling by stages, they went to Campā and zum Befreiten. On arrival, having bowed down to him, they setzte sich an eine Seite.

Es ist Gepflogenheit für Buddhas, Befreite, Zuvorkommenheiten mit ankommenden Bhikkhus auszutauschen.

Dann sprach der Befreite zu den Bhikkhus, “Ist es annehmlich, Bhikkhus? Kommt Ihr zurecht? Seid Ihr die Straße mit wenig Überdruß entlang gekommen? Where are you coming from, Bhikkhus?”

“Es ist annehmlich, Oh Befreiter. Wir kommen zurecht. And we came along the road with little weariness, lord.

“Lord, there is a Village named Vāsabha in the countryside of Kāsi. We have come from there.”

“Bhikkhus, did you suspend the resident Bhikkhu?”

“Ja, Herr.”

“On what grounds, Bhikkhus? For what reason?”

“Without grounds, O Blessed One, without reason.”

Der Buddha, der Befreite, tadelte sie: “Bhikkhus, it is unseemly, unbecoming, unsuitable, unworthy of a contemplative, improper, and not to be done. How could you worthless men, without grounds, without reason, suspend a pure Bhikkhu, without offense? Worthless men, dieses regt weder Vertrauen in den Vertrauenslosen ...”

Ihn getadelt und eine Dhamma-Lehrrede gegeben habend, richtete er sich an die Bhikkhus:

“Bhikkhus, a pure Bhikkhu, without offense, is not to be suspended without grounds, without reason. Whoever should suspend him: an offense of wrong-doing.” [BMC]

Then the Bhikkhus got up from their seats and—having arranged their robes over one shoulder—put their heads at the feet of the Blessed One and said to him, “A transgression has overcome us, lord, in that we were so foolish, so muddle-headed, and so unskilled as to suspend, without grounds, without reason, a pure Bhikkhu, without offense. May the Blessed One please accept this confession of our transgression as such, so that we may restrain ourselves in the future.”

“Yes, Bhikkhus, a transgression overcame you in that you were so foolish, so muddle-headed, and so unskilled as to suspend, without grounds, without reason, a pure Bhikkhu, without offense.

“But because you see your transgression as such and make amends in accordance with the Dhamma, we accept your confession. For it’s a cause of growth in the Vinaya of the noble ones when, seeing a transgression as such, one makes amends in accordance with the Dhamma and exercises restraint in the future.”

Nun, zu dieser Zeit in Campā, the Bhikkhus did these sorts of transactions:

They did factional transactions not in accordance with the Dhamma. [Mv.IX.3.3 Mv.IX.5.1 Mv.IX.6.1]

They did united transactions not in accordance with the Dhamma .

They did factional transactions in accordance with the Dhamma.

They did factional transactions that were a semblance of Dhamma.

They did united transactions that were a semblance of Dhamma.

One suspended one.

One suspended two.

One suspended many.

One suspended a Saṅgha.

Two suspended one.

Two suspended two.

Two suspended many.

Two suspended a Saṅgha.

Many suspended one.

Many suspended two.

Many suspended many.

Many suspended a Saṅgha.

A Saṅgha suspended a Saṅgha.

Jene Bhikkhus, die bescheiden waren, … kritisierten und beanstandeten und verbreiteten darüber:

“Wie können die Bhikkhus in Campā do these sorts of transactions: They do factional transactions not in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“A Saṅgha suspends a Saṅgha?”

Dann berichteten die Bhikkhus, dem Befreiten, über diese Angelegenheit.

“Ist es wahr, Bhikkhus, so wir sie sagen, daß in Campā the Bhikkhus do these sorts of transactions: They do factional transactions not in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“A Saṅgha suspends a Saṅgha?”

“Es ist wahr, Oh Befreiter.”

The Buddha, the Blessed One, rebuked them …

Ihn getadelt und eine Dhamma-Lehrrede gegeben habend, richtete er sich an die Bhikkhus:

“A factional transaction not in accordance with the Dhamma is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“A united transaction not in accordance with the Dhamma is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“A factional transaction in accordance with the Dhamma is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“A factional transaction that is a semblance of the Dhamma is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“A united transaction that is a semblance of the Dhamma is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“One suspends one: It is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“One suspends two: It is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“One suspends many: It is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“One suspends a Saṅgha: It is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“Two suspend one: It is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“Two suspend two: It is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“Two suspend many: It is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“Two suspend a Saṅgha: It is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“Many suspend one: It is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“Many suspend two: It is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“Many suspend many: It is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“Many suspend a Saṅgha: It is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“A Saṅgha suspends a Saṅgha: It is not a transaction and is not to be done. [BMC: 1 2]

“Bhikkhus, there are these four transactions: a factional transaction not in accordance with the Dhamma, a united transaction not in accordance with the Dhamma, a factional transaction in accordance with the Dhamma, a united transaction in accordance with the Dhamma.

“Of these, the factional transaction not in accordance with the Dhamma is—because of its factionality, because of its lack of accordance with the Dhamma—reversible and unfit to stand. Bhikkhus, this sort of transaction should not be done, nor is this sort of transaction allowed by me.

“The united transaction not in accordance with the Dhamma is—because of its lack of accordance with the Dhamma1—reversible and unfit to stand. Bhikkhus, this sort of transaction should not be done, nor is this sort of transaction allowed by me. [BMC]

1. The word adhammena: ‘not in accordance with the Dhamma’, also has the meaning ‘not in accordance with the rule’, drawing a parallel from the phrase yathādhammo kāretabbo: ‘... he is to be dealt with in accordance with the rule,’ in which dhamma clearly means ‘rule’. This means that any transaction that involves breaking a Vinaya rule is invalid, unless specifically stated otherwise, such as the ordination of a candidate with a physical disability. [Mv.I.71.1 Mv.IX.4.11]

“The factional transaction in accordance with the Dhamma is—because of its factionality—reversible and unfit to stand. Bhikkhus, this sort of transaction should not be done, nor is this sort of transaction allowed by me.

“The united transaction in accordance with the Dhamma is—because of its unity, because of its accordance with the Dhamma—irreversible and fit to stand. This sort of transaction may be done; this sort of transaction is allowed by me.

“Thus, Bhikkhus, you should train yourselves: ‘We will do this sort of transaction, i.e., the united transaction in accordance with the Dhamma.’” [BMC]

Nun, zu dieser Zeit the Gruppe-von-Sechs Bhikkhus did transactions of these sorts:

They did factional transactions not in accordance with the Dhamma.

They did united transactions not in accordance with the Dhamma.

They did factional transactions in accordance with the Dhamma.

They did factional transactions that were a semblance of Dhamma.

They did united transactions that were a semblance of Dhamma.

They did transactions with an invalid motion and a valid proclamation.

They did transactions with an invalid proclamation and a valid motion.

They did transactions with an invalid motion and an invalid proclamation.

They did transactions that were apart from the Dhamma.

They did transactions that were apart from the Vinaya.

They did transactions that were apart from the Teacher’s instruction.

They did transactions that had been protested, were non-Dhamma, reversible, not fit to stand.

Jene Bhikkhus, die bescheiden waren, … kritisierten und beanstandeten und verbreiteten darüber:

“Wie können die Gruppe-von-Sechs Bhikkhus do transactions such as these: They do factional transactions not in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“They do transactions that have been protested, are non-Dhamma, reversible, not fit to stand?”

Dann berichteten die Bhikkhus, dem Befreiten, über diese Angelegenheit.

“Ist es wahr, Bhikkhus, so wir sie sagen, daß the Gruppe-von-Sechs Bhikkhus do these sorts of transaction: They do factional transactions not in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“They do transactions that have been protested, are non-Dhamma, reversible, not fit to stand?”

“Es ist wahr, Oh Befreiter.”

The Buddha, the Blessed One, rebuked them …

Ihn getadelt und eine Dhamma-Lehrrede gegeben habend, richtete er sich an die Bhikkhus:

“A factional transaction not in accordance with the Dhamma is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“A united transaction not in accordance with the Dhamma is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“A factional transaction in accordance with the Dhamma is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“A factional transaction that is a semblance of the Dhamma is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“A united transaction that is a semblance of the Dhamma is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“A transaction with an invalid motion and a valid proclamation is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“A transaction with an invalid proclamation and a valid motion is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“A transaction with an invalid motion and an invalid proclamation is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“A transaction that is apart from the Dhamma is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“A transaction that is apart from the Vinaya1 is not a transaction and is not to be done. [BMC]

1. This suppotrs the point that any transaction in which the statement announces that it is doing an act that breaks a Vinaya rule is thereby invalid.

“A transaction that is apart from the Teacher’s instruction is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“A transaction that has been protested, is non-Dhamma, reversible, not fit to stand, is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“Bhikkhus, there are these six transactions: a non-Dhamma transaction; a factional transaction; a united transaction; a factional transaction that is a semblance of the Dhamma; a united transaction that is a semblance of the Dhamma; a united transaction in accordance with the Dhamma.

“And what is the non-Dhamma transaction? [BMC]

“If, in a transaction with a motion and one proclamation [lit: motion as the second], one does the transaction by means of a single motion but does not proclaim the transaction statement, that is a non-Dhamma transaction.

“If, in a transaction with a motion and one proclamation, one does the transaction by means of a double motion but does not proclaim the transaction statement, that is a non-Dhamma transaction.

“If, in a transaction with a motion and one proclamation, one does the transaction by means of a single transaction statement but does not set forth the motion, that is a non-Dhamma transaction.

“If, in a transaction with a motion and one proclamation, one does the transaction by means of a double transaction statement but does not set forth the motion, that is a non-Dhamma transaction.

“If, in a transaction with a motion and three proclamations [lit: motion as the fourth], one does the transaction by means of a single motion but does not proclaim the transaction statement, that is a non-Dhamma transaction.

“If, in a transaction with a motion and three proclamations, one does the transaction by means of a double, triple, or quadruple motion but does not proclaim the transaction statement, that is a non-Dhamma transaction.

“If, in a transaction with a motion and three proclamations, one does the transaction by means of a single transaction statement but does not set forth the motion, that is a non-Dhamma transaction.

“If, in a transaction with a motion and three proclamations, one does the transaction by means of a double, triple, or quadruple transaction statement but does not set forth the motion, that is a non-Dhamma transaction.

“Bhikkhus, this is called a non-Dhamma transaction.

“And what, Bhikkhus, is a factional transaction? [BMC: 1 2 3 Mv.II.23.1]

“If, in a transaction with a motion and one proclamation, the full number of Bhikkhus competent for the transaction have not come, the consent of those who should send consent has not been conveyed, (or) those who are present protest, it is a factional transaction.

“If, in a transaction with a motion and one proclamation, the full number of Bhikkhus competent for the transaction have come, (but) the consent of those who should send consent has not been conveyed, (or) those who are present protest, it is a factional transaction.

“If, in a transaction with a motion and one proclamation, the full number of Bhikkhus competent for the transaction have come, and the consent of those who should send consent has been conveyed, (but) those who are present protest, it is a factional transaction.

“If, in a transaction with a motion and three proclamations, the full number of Bhikkhus competent for the transaction have not come, the consent of those who should send consent has not been conveyed, (or) those who are present protest, it is a factional transaction.

“If, in a transaction with a motion and three proclamations, the full number of Bhikkhus competent for the transaction have come, (but) the consent of those who should send consent has not been conveyed, (or) those who are present protest, it is a factional transaction.

“If, in a transaction with a motion and three proclamations, the full number of Bhikkhus competent for the transaction have come, and the consent of those who should send consent has been conveyed, (but) those who are present protest, it is a factional transaction.

“Bhikkhus, this is called a factional transaction.

“And what is a united transaction? [BMC]

“If, in a transaction with a motion and one proclamation, the full number of Bhikkhus competent for the transaction have come, the consent of those who should send consent has been conveyed, and those who are present do not protest, it is a united transaction.

“If, in a transaction with a motion and three proclamations, the full number of Bhikkhus competent for the transaction have come, the consent of those who should send consent has been conveyed, and those who are present do not protest, it is a united transaction.

“Bhikkhus, this is called a united transaction.

“And what, Bhikkhus, is a factional transaction that is a semblance of the Dhamma? [BMC]

“If, in a transaction with a motion and one proclamation, one proclaims the transaction statement first and sets forth the motion afterwards, and the full number of Bhikkhus competent for the transaction have not come, the consent of those who should send consent has not been conveyed, (or) those who are present protest, it is a factional transaction that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“If, in a transaction with a motion and one proclamation, one proclaims the transaction statement first and sets forth the motion afterwards, and the full number of Bhikkhus competent for the transaction have come, (but) the consent of those who should send consent has not been conveyed, (or) those who are present protest, it is a factional transaction that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“If, in a transaction with a motion and one proclamation, one proclaims the transaction statement first and sets forth the motion afterwards, and the full number of Bhikkhus competent for the transaction have come, the consent of those who should send consent has been conveyed, (but) those who are present protest, it is a factional transaction that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“If, in a transaction with a motion and three proclamations, one proclaims the transaction statement first and sets forth the motion afterwards, (but) the full number of Bhikkhus competent for the transaction have not come, the consent of those who should send consent has not been conveyed, (or) those who are present protest, it is a factional transaction that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“If, in a transaction with a motion and three proclamations, one proclaims the transaction statement first and sets forth the motion afterwards, and the full number of Bhikkhus competent for the transaction have come, (but) the consent of those who should send consent has not been conveyed, (or) those who are present protest, it is a factional transaction that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“If, in a transaction with a motion and three proclamations, one proclaims the transaction statement first and sets forth the motion afterwards, and the full number of Bhikkhus competent for the transaction have come, the consent of those who should send consent has been conveyed, (but) those who are present protest, it is a factional transaction that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“Bhikkhus, this is called a factional transaction that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“And what is a united transaction that is a semblance of the Dhamma?

“If, in a transaction with a motion and one proclamation, one proclaims the transaction statement first and sets forth the motion afterwards, and the full number of Bhikkhus competent for the transaction have come, the consent of those who should send consent has been conveyed, and those who are present do not protest, it is a united transaction that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“If, in a transaction with a motion and three proclamations, one proclaims the transaction statement first and sets forth the motion afterwards, and the full number of Bhikkhus competent for the transaction have come, the consent of those who should send consent has been conveyed, and those who are present do not protest, it is a united transaction that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“Bhikkhus, this is called a united transaction that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“And what is a united transaction in accordance with the Dhamma?

“If, in a transaction with a motion and one proclamation, one sets forth the motion first and does the transaction by means of one transaction statement afterwards, and the full number of Bhikkhus competent for the transaction have come, the consent of those who should send consent has been conveyed, and those who are present do not protest, it is a united transaction in accordance with the Dhamma.

“If, in a transaction with a motion and three proclamations, one sets forth the motion first and does the transaction by means of three transaction statements afterwards, and the full number of Bhikkhus competent for the transaction have come, the consent of those who should send consent has been conveyed, and those who are present do not protest, it is a united transaction in accordance with the Dhamma.

“Bhikkhus, this is called a united transaction in accordance with the Dhamma.

“‘Five Saṅghas: a quorum-of-four Saṅgha of Bhikkhus; a quorum-of-five Saṅgha of Bhikkhus; a quorum-of-ten Saṅgha of Bhikkhus; a quorum-of-twenty Saṅgha of Bhikkhus; a quorum-of-more-than-twenty Saṅgha of Bhikkhus.’

“Of these, the quorum-of-four Saṅgha of Bhikkhus—if united and in accordance with the Dhamma—is competent for the doing of all transactions except for three: Acceptance, Invitation, and rehabilitation. [BMC]

“Of these, the quorum-of-five Saṅgha of Bhikkhus—if united and in accordance with the Dhamma—is competent for the doing of all transactions except for two: Acceptance in the Middle Country and rehabilitation. [Mv.V.13.12]

“Of these, the quorum-of-ten Saṅgha of Bhikkhus—if united and in accordance with the Dhamma—is competent for the doing of all transactions except for one: rehabilitation.

“Of these, the quorum-of-twenty Saṅgha of Bhikkhus—if united and in accordance with the Dhamma—is competent for the doing of all transactions.

“Of these, the a quorum-of-more-than-twenty Saṅgha of Bhikkhus—if united and in accordance with the Dhamma—is competent for the doing of all transactions.

“If, in a transaction requiring a quorum of four, the transaction is done with a bhikkhunī as the fourth member, it is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“If, in a transaction requiring a quorum of four, … with a female trainee as the fourth member …

“a novice … a female novice … a renouncer of the training … one who has committed an extreme (pārājika) offense … one who is suspended for not seeing an offense … one who is suspended for not making amends for an offense … one who is suspended for not relinquishing an evil view … a paṇḍaka … one who lives in affiliation by theft … one who has gone over (while a Bhikkhu) to another religion … an animal … a matricide … a patricide … a murderer of an arahant … a molester of a bhikkhunī … a schismatic … one who has shed (a Tathāgata’s) blood … a hermaphrodite … a Bhikkhu of a separate affiliation [BMC: 1 2] … one standing in a different territory … one standing (levitating) in the sky through psychic power … him concerning whom the Saṅgha is doing the action as the fourth member, it is not a transaction and is not to be done.

Doing (transactions) with a quorum of four

“If, in a transaction requiring a quorum of five, the transaction is done with a bhikkhunī as the fifth member, it is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“If, in a transaction requiring a quorum of five, … with a female trainee as the fifth member …

a novice … a female novice … a renouncer of the training … one who has committed an extreme (pārājika) offense … one who is suspended for not seeing an offense … one who is suspended for not making amends for an offense … one who is suspended for not relinquishing an evil view … a paṇḍaka … one who lives in affiliation by theft … one who has gone over (while a Bhikkhu) to another religion … an animal … a matricide … a patricide … a murderer of an arahant … a molester of a bhikkhunī … a schismatic … one who has shed (a Tathāgata’s) blood … a hermaphrodite … a Bhikkhu of a separate affiliation … one standing in a different territory … one standing (levitating) in the sky through psychic power … him concerning whom the Saṅgha is doing the action as the fifth member, it is not a transaction and is not to be done.

Doing (transactions) with a quorum of five

“If, in a transaction requiring a quorum of ten, the transaction is done with a bhikkhunī as the tenth member, it is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“If, in a transaction requiring a quorum of ten, … with a female trainee as the tenth member …

a novice … a female novice … a renouncer of the training … one who has committed an extreme (pārājika) offense … one who is suspended for not seeing an offense … one who is suspended for not making amends for an offense … one who is suspended for not relinquishing an evil view … a paṇḍaka … one who lives in affiliation by theft … one who has gone over (while a Bhikkhu) to another religion … an animal … a matricide … a patricide … a murderer of an arahant … a molester of a bhikkhunī … a schismatic … one who has shed (a Tathāgata’s) blood … a hermaphrodite … a Bhikkhu of a separate affiliation … one standing in a different territory … one standing (levitating) in the sky through psychic power … him concerning whom the Saṅgha is doing the action is the tenth member, it is not a transaction and is not to be done.

Doing (transactions) with a quorum of ten

“If, in a transaction requiring a quorum of twenty, the transaction is done with a bhikkhunī as the twentieth member, it is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“If, in a transaction requiring a quorum of twenty, … with a female trainee as the twentieth member …

a novice … a female novice … a renouncer of the training … one who has committed an extreme (pārājika) offense … one who is suspended for not seeing an offense … one who is suspended for not making amends for an offense … one who is suspended for not relinquishing an evil view … a paṇḍaka … one who lives in affiliation by theft … one who has gone over (while a Bhikkhu) to another religion … an animal … a matricide … a patricide … a murderer of an arahant … a molester of a bhikkhunī … a schismatic … one who has shed (a Tathāgata’s) blood … a hermaphrodite … a Bhikkhu of a separate affiliation … one standing in a different territory … one standing (levitating) in the sky through psychic power … him concerning whom the Saṅgha is doing the action is the twentieth member, it is not a transaction and is not to be done.

Doing (transactions) with a quorum of twenty

“Bhikkhus, if (a Saṅgha with) one on probation as the fourth should grant probation, send back to the beginning, or grant penance; if (a Saṅgha with him) as the twentieth should rehabilitate, it is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“Bhikkhus, if (a Saṅgha with) one deserving to be sent back to the beginning as the fourth should grant probation, send back to the beginning, or grant penance; if (a Saṅgha with him) as the twentieth should rehabilitate, it is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“Bhikkhus, if (a Saṅgha with) one deserving penance as the fourth should grant probation, send back to the beginning, or grant penance; if (a Saṅgha with him) as the twentieth should rehabilitate, it is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“Bhikkhus, if (a Saṅgha with) one observing penance as the fourth should grant probation, send back to the beginning, or grant penance; if (a Saṅgha with him) as the twentieth should rehabilitate, it is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“Bhikkhus, if (a Saṅgha with) one deserving rehabilitation as the fourth should grant probation, send back to the beginning, or grant penance; if (a Saṅgha with him) as the twentieth should rehabilitate, it is not a transaction and is not to be done.

“Bhikkhus, the protest of some in the midst of the Saṅgha carries weight, while that of others does not carry weight.

“And whose protest in the midst of the Saṅgha does not carry weight?

“The protest of a bhikkhunī in the midst of the Saṅgha does not carry weight.

“a female trainee …

“a novice … a female novice … a renouncer of the training … one who has committed an extreme (pārājika) offense … one who is insane … one possessed … one delirious with pain … one who is suspended for not seeing an offense … one who is suspended for not making amends for an offense … one who is suspended for not relinquishing an evil view … a paṇḍaka … a person in affiliation through theft … a Bhikkhu who has gone over (while a Bhikkhu) to another religion … an animal … a matricide … a patricide … a murderer of an arahant … a molester of a bhikkhunī … a schismatic … a shedder of (a Tathāgata’s) blood … a hermaphrodite … a Bhikkhu of a separate affiliation [BMC: 1 2] … one standing in a different territory … one standing (levitating) in the sky through psychic power … the one concerning whom the Saṅgha is doing the action, in the midst of the Saṅgha, does not carry weight.

“Bhikkhus the protest of these in the midst of the Saṅgha does not carry weight1.

1. This passage shows that aside from the Uposatha and the Invitation, the mere presence of these individuals or of any other non-ordained person does not invalidate the transaction. [BMC]

“And whose protest in the midst of the Saṅgha does carry weight?

“The protest of a regular Bhikkhu in the midst of the Saṅgha carries weight if he is der selben Zugehörigkeit and is staying within the same territory, even if he just informs the Bhikkhu right next to him. [BMC]

“Bhikkhus the protest of these in the midst of the Saṅgha does carry weight. [BMC]

There are these two expulsions. There is the individual who has not been subjected to expulsion [has not been expelled] who, if the Saṅgha expels him, in some cases is wrongly expelled and in some cases rightly expelled.

“There are these two expulsions,” etc.: This is said of the reversibility or irreversibility of the transaction, based on its grounds.

In that case, “There is an individual who has not been subjected to expulsion: If the Saṅgha expels him, he is rightly expelled”: this is said in connection to the banishment transaction. One is expelled from the dwelling by a banishment transaction, thus it is called “expulsion”. Because he is not a corrupter of families, he has not fulfilled the defining characteristic (of the banishment transaction). But because it is said that if the Saṅgha wants to, it may impose a banishment transaction1 on him, he is rightly expelled.

1. See Cv.I.14 for other things that can be grounds for banishment.

“If the Saṅgha expels him”: If the Saṅgha expels him with a censure transaction, etc.1, then because expulsion is allowed for (one with) even one factor: “Bhikkhus, if it wants to, a Saṅgha may impose a censure transaction on (any of) three Bhikkhus: one who is a maker of strife, quarrels, disputes, dissension, and issues in the Saṅgha; one who is inexperienced and incompetent, indiscriminately full of offenses; and one who lives in the company of householders, in unbecoming association with householders,” he is rightly expelled.

1. This includes many of the other disciplinary transactions.

“And which is the individual who has not been subjected to expulsion who, if the Saṅgha expels him, is wrongly expelled?

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu is pure and without offense. If the Saṅgha expels him, he is wrongly expelled. [BMC]

“This is called the individual who has not been subjected to expulsion who, if the Saṅgha expels him, is wrongly expelled.

“And which is the individual who has not been subjected to expulsion who, if the Saṅgha expels him, is rightly expelled?

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu is inexperienced and incompetent, indiscriminately full of offenses, living in the company of householders, in unbecoming association with householders1. If the Saṅgha expels him, he is rightly expelled.

1. See See Cv.I.14.

“This is called the individual who has not been subjected to expulsion who, if the Saṅgha expels him, is rightly expelled.

“There are these two restorations. There is the individual who is not eligible for restoration who, if the Saṅgha restores him, in some cases is rightly restored and in some cases wrongly restored. [Mv.I.71.1]

“And which is the individual who has not been granted restoration who, if the Saṅgha restores him, is wrongly restored?

“A paṇḍaka who has not been granted restoration, if the Saṅgha restores him, is wrongly restored.

“One living in affiliation by theft …

“One who has gone over (while a Bhikkhu) to another religion … an animal … a matricide … a patricide … a murderer of an arahant … a molester of a bhikkhunī … a schismatic … one who has shed (a Tathāgata’s) blood … a hermaphrodite not yet granted admittance, if the Saṅgha restores him, is wrongly restored.”

“Wrongly restored”: wrongly restored. Even if he is granted Acceptance a thousand times, he’s still unaccepted. The preceptor and (chanting) teachers have overstepped their bounds, as have the remainder of the Saṅgha doing (the transaction). None of them avoids an offense. Thus these eleven incapable individuals are wrongly restored. However, the 32 beginning with one with a hand cut off are rightly restored. If they are granted Acceptance then they are simply accepted. Nothing can be said to them [i.e., criticize them as not being accepted]. But the preceptor, (chanting) teachers and the Saṅgha doing (the transaction) have overstepped their bounds. None of them avoids an offense. [Mv.I.71.1]

“Bhikkhus, this is called the individual who has not been granted restoration who, if the Saṅgha restores him, is wrongly restored.

“And which is the individual who is not liable for admittance who, if the Saṅgha admits him, is rightly admitted?

“One with a hand cut off, if the Saṅgha admits him, is rightly admitted.

“One with a foot cut off …

“One with a hand and foot cut off … one with an ear cut off … one with a nose cut off … one with an ear and nose cut off… one with a finger/toe cut off … one with a thumb/big toe cut off … one with a cut tendon … one who has webbed fingers … a bent-over person … a dwarf … one with a goiter … one who has been branded … one who has been whipped … one for whom a warrant has been sent out … one with a club foot/elephantiasis … one who has an evil illness … one who disgraces the assembly … one who is blind in one eye … one who has a crooked limb … one who is lame … one half-paralyzed … a cripple … one weak from old age … one who is blind … dumb … deaf … blind and dumb … blind and deaf … deaf and dumb … blind and deaf and dumb not yet granted admittance, if granted admittance, is rightly admitted.”

“Bhikkhus, this is called the individual who has not been granted restoration who, if the Saṅgha restores him, is rightly restored.

The First Recitation Section, on Vāsabha Village (is finished).

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu has no offense that should be seen.

“They—a Saṅgha or several (Bhikkhus) or one individual (Bhikkhu)—charge him, ‘You have in ein Vergehen gestürzt, friend. Do you see that offense?’

“He says, ‘Friends, I have no offense that I should see.’

“The Saṅgha suspends him for not seeing an offense—a non-Dhamma transaction.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu has no offense for which he should make amends.

“They—a Saṅgha or several (Bhikkhus) or one individual (Bhikkhu)—charge him, ‘You have in ein Vergehen gestürzt, friend. Make amends for that offense.’

“He says, ‘Friends, I have no offense for which I should make amends.’

“The Saṅgha suspends him for not making amends for an offense—a non-Dhamma transaction.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu has no evil view that would be grounds for relinquishment.

“They—a Saṅgha or several (Bhikkhus) or one individual (Bhikkhu)—charge him, ‘You have an evil view, friend. Relinquish that evil view.’

“He says, ‘Friends, I have no evil view that I should relinquish.’

“The Saṅgha suspends him for not relinquishing an evil view—a non-Dhamma transaction.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu has no offense to be seen, and no offense for which he should make amends.

“They—a Saṅgha or several (Bhikkhus) or one individual (Bhikkhu)—charge him, ‘You have in ein Vergehen gestürzt, friend. Do you see that offense? Make amends for that offense.’

“He says, ‘Friends, I have no offense that I should see and no offense for which I should make amends.’

“The Saṅgha suspends him for not seeing (an offense) or for not making amends (for an offense)—a non-Dhamma transaction.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu has no offense to be seen, and no evil view that would be grounds for relinquishment.

“They—a Saṅgha or several (Bhikkhus) or one individual (Bhikkhu)—charge him, ‘You have in ein Vergehen gestürzt, friend. Do you see that offense? You have an evil view. Relinquish that evil view.’

“He says, ‘Friends, I have no offense that I should see and no evil view that I should relinquish.’

“The Saṅgha suspends him for not seeing (an offense) or for not relinquishing an evil view—a non-Dhamma transaction.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu has no offense to make amends for, and no evil view that would be grounds for relinquishment.

“They—a Saṅgha or several (Bhikkhus) or one individual (Bhikkhu)—charge him, ‘You have in ein Vergehen gestürzt, friend. Make amends for that offense. You have an evil view. Relinquish that evil view.’

“He says, ‘Friends, I have no offense for which he should make amends and no evil view that I should relinquish.’

“The Saṅgha suspends him for not making amends for (an offense) or for not relinquishing (an evil view)—a non-Dhamma transaction.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu has no offense to be seen, no offense for which he should make amends, and no evil view that would be grounds for relinquishment.

“They—a Saṅgha or several (Bhikkhus) or one individual (Bhikkhu)—charge him, ‘You have in ein Vergehen gestürzt, friend. Do you see that offense? Make amends for that offense. You have an evil view. Relinquish that evil view.’

“He says, ‘Friends, I have no offense that I should see, no offense for which I should make amends, and no evil view that I should relinquish.’

“The Saṅgha suspends him for not seeing (an offense), for not making amends for (an offense) or for not relinquishing (an evil view)—a non-Dhamma transaction.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu has an offense to be seen.

“They—a Saṅgha or several (Bhikkhus) or one individual (Bhikkhu)—charge him, ‘You have in ein Vergehen gestürzt, friend. Do you see that offense?’

“He says, ‘Yes, friends, I see it.’

“The Saṅgha suspends him for not seeing an offense—a non-Dhamma transaction. [BMC]

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu has an offense to make amends for.

“They—a Saṅgha or several (Bhikkhus) or one individual (Bhikkhu)—charge him, ‘You have in ein Vergehen gestürzt, friend. Make amends for that offense.’

“He says, ‘Yes, friends, I will make amends.’

“The Saṅgha suspends him for not making amends for an offense—a non-Dhamma transaction.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu has an evil view which should be relinquished.

“They—a Saṅgha or several (Bhikkhus) or one individual (Bhikkhu)—charge him, ‘You have an evil view. Relinquish that evil view.’

“He says, ‘Yes, friends, I will relinquish it.’

“The Saṅgha suspends him for not relinquishing (an evil view)—a non-Dhamma transaction.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu has an offense to be seen and an offense for which he should make amends.

“… has an offense to be seen and an evil view that would be grounds for relinquishment.

“… has an offense for which he should make amends and an evil view that would be grounds for relinquishment.

“… has an offense to be seen, an offense for which he should make amends, and an evil view that would be grounds for relinquishment.

“They—a Saṅgha or several (Bhikkhus) or one individual (Bhikkhu)—charge him, ‘You have fallen into offense, friend. Do you see that offense? Make amends for that offense. You have an evil view. Relinquish that evil view.’

“He says, ‘Yes, friends, I see it. Yes, I will make amends. Yes, I will relinquish it.’

“The Saṅgha suspends him for not seeing (an offense), or for not making amends (for an offense, or for not relinquishing (an evil view)—a non-Dhamma transaction.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu has an offense to be seen. [BMC]

“They—a Saṅgha or several (Bhikkhus) or one individual (Bhikkhu)—charge him, ‘You have in ein Vergehen gestürzt, friend. Do you see that offense?’

“He says, ‘Friends, I have no offense that I should see.’

“The Saṅgha suspends him for not seeing an offense—a Dhamma transaction.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu has an offense for which he should make amends.

“They—a Saṅgha or several (Bhikkhus) or one individual (Bhikkhu)—charge him, ‘You have in ein Vergehen gestürzt, friend. Make amends for that offense.’

“He says, ‘Friends, I have no offense for which I should make amends.’

“The Saṅgha suspends him for not making amends for an offense—a Dhamma transaction.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu has an evil view that would be grounds for relinquishment.

“They—a Saṅgha or several (Bhikkhus) or one individual (Bhikkhu)—charge him, ‘You have an evil view, friend. Relinquish that evil view.’

“He says, ‘Friends, I have no evil view that I should relinquish.’

“The Saṅgha suspends him for not relinquishing an evil view—a Dhamma transaction.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu has an offense to be seen and an offense for which he should make amends.

“… has an offense to be seen and an evil view that would be grounds for relinquishment.

“… has an offense for which he should make amends and an evil view that would be grounds for relinquishment.

“… has an offense to be seen, an offense for which he should make amends, and an evil view that would be grounds for relinquishment.

“They—a Saṅgha or several (Bhikkhus) or one individual (Bhikkhu)—charge him, ‘You have fallen into offense, friend. Do you see that offense? Make amends for that offense. You have an evil view. Relinquish that evil view.’

“He says, ‘Friends, I have no offense that I should see, no offense for which I should make amends, and no evil view that I should relinquish.’

“The Saṅgha suspends him for not seeing (an offense), or for not making amends (for an offense, or for not relinquishing (an evil view)—a Dhamma transaction.”

Then Ehrw. Upāli went zum Befreiten and, on arrival, having bowed down to him, setzte sich an eine Seite.

Als er dort saß, sprach er zum Befreiten: “A Saṅgha that, in unity, not face-to-face, does a transaction that should be done face-to-face: Is that a Dhamma transaction, lord, a Vinaya transaction?”

“It is a non-Dhamma transaction, Upāli, a non-Vinaya transaction.”

“Lord, a Saṅgha that, in unity, without interrogation, does a transaction that should be done with interrogation …

“without the acknowledgment (of the accused Bhikkhu), does a transaction that should be done with his acknowledgment …

“gives a verdict of past insanity to one who deserves a verdict of mindfulness …

“imposes a further-punishment transaction on one who deserves a verdict of past insanity …

“imposes a censure transaction on one who deserves a further-punishment transaction …

“imposes a demotion transaction on one who deserves a censure transaction …

“imposes a banishment transaction on one who deserves a demotion transaction …

“imposes a reconciliation transaction on one who deserves a banishment transaction …

“imposes a suspension transaction on one who deserves a reconciliation transaction …

“gives probation to one who deserves a suspension transaction …

“sends back to the beginning one who deserves probation …

“gives penance to one who deserves to be sent back to the beginning …

“rehabilitates one who deserves penance …

“gives Acceptance to one who deserves rehabilitation: Is that a Dhamma transaction, a Vinaya transaction?”

“It is a non-Dhamma transaction, Upāli, a non-Vinaya transaction.”

“Any Saṅgha that, in unity, not face-to-face, does a transaction that should be done face-to-face: That, Upāli, is a non-Dhamma transaction, a non-Vinaya transaction. And in doing so the Saṅgha has overstepped its bounds.

“Any Saṅgha that, in unity, without interrogation, does a transaction that should be done with interrogation …

“without the acknowledgment (of the accused Bhikkhu), does a transaction that should be done with his acknowledgment … [BMC: 1 [2]

“gives a verdict of past insanity to one who deserves a verdict of mindfulness …

“imposes a further-punishment transaction on one who deserves a verdict of past insanity …

“imposes a censure transaction on one who deserves a further-punishment transaction …

“imposes a demotion transaction on one who deserves a censure transaction …

“imposes a banishment transaction on one who deserves a demotion transaction …

“imposes a reconciliation transaction on one who deserves a banishment transaction …

“imposes a suspension transaction on one who deserves a reconciliation transaction …

“gives probation to one who deserves a suspension transaction …

“sends back to the beginning one who deserves probation …

“gives penance to one who deserves to be sent back to the beginning …

“rehabilitates one who deserves penance …

“gives Acceptance to one who deserves rehabilitation: That, Upāli, is a non-Dhamma transaction, a non-Vinaya transaction, and in doing so the Saṅgha has overstepped its bounds.”

“Lord, a Saṅgha that, in unity, does, face-to-face, a transaction that should be done face-to-face: Is that a Dhamma transaction, lord, a Vinaya transaction?”

“It is a Dhamma transaction, Upāli, a Vinaya transaction.”

“A Saṅgha that, in unity, with interrogation, does a transaction that should be done with interrogation …

“does, with the acknowledgment (of the accused Bhikkhu), a transaction that should be done with his acknowledgment …

“gives a verdict of mindfulness to one who deserves a verdict of mindfulness …

“gives a verdict of past insanity to one who deserves a verdict of past insanity …

“imposes a further-punishment transaction on one who deserves a further-punishment transaction …

“imposes a censure transaction on one who deserves a censure transaction …

“imposes a demotion transaction on one who deserves a demotion transaction …

“imposes a banishment transaction on one who deserves a banishment transaction …

“imposes a reconciliation transaction on one who deserves a reconciliation transaction …

“imposes a suspension transaction on one who deserves a suspension transaction

“gives probation to one who deserves probation …

“sends back to the beginning one who deserves to be sent back to the beginning …

“gives penance to one who deserves penance …

“rehabilitates one who deserves rehabilitation …

“gives Acceptance to one who deserves Acceptance: Is that a Dhamma transaction, lord, a Vinaya transaction?”

“It is a Dhamma transaction, Upāli, a Vinaya transaction.

“Any Saṅgha that, in unity, face-to-face, does a transaction that should be done face-to-face: That, Upāli, is a Dhamma transaction, a Vinaya transaction. Und so handelt, hat die Saṅgha ihre Grenzen nicht überschritten.

“Any Saṅgha that, in unity, with interrogation, does a transaction that should be done with interrogation …

“does, with the acknowledgment (of the accused Bhikkhu), a transaction that should be done with his acknowledgment …

“gives a verdict of mindfulness to one who deserves a verdict of mindfulness …

“gives a verdict of past insanity to one who deserves a verdict of past insanity …

“imposes a further-punishment transaction on one who deserves a further-punishment transaction …

“imposes a censure transaction on one who deserves a censure transaction …

“imposes a demotion transaction on one who deserves a demotion transaction …

“imposes a banishment transaction on one who deserves a banishment transaction …

“imposes a reconciliation transaction on one who deserves a reconciliation transaction …

“imposes a suspension transaction on one who deserves a suspension transaction

“gives probation to one who deserves probation …

“sends back to the beginning one who deserves to be sent back to the beginning …

“gives penance to one who deserves penance …

“rehabilitates one who deserves rehabilitation …

“gives Acceptance to one who deserves Acceptance: That, Upāli, is a Dhamma transaction, a Vinaya transaction.

“Und so handelt, hat die Saṅgha ihre Grenzen nicht überschritten.”

“Lord, a Saṅgha that, in unity, gives a verdict of past insanity to one who deserves a verdict of mindfulness (or) gives a verdict of mindfulness to one who deserves a verdict of past insanity: Is that a Dhamma transaction, lord, a Vinaya transaction?”

“It is a non-Dhamma transaction, Upāli, a non-Vinaya transaction.”

“A Saṅgha that, in unity, imposes a further-punishment transaction on one who deserves a verdict of past insanity (or) gives a verdict of past past insanity to one who deserves a further-punishment transaction …

“imposes a censure transaction on one who deserves a further-punishment transaction (or) imposes a further-punishment transaction on one who deserves a censure transaction …

“imposes a demotion transaction on one who deserves a censure transaction (or) imposes a censure transaction on one who deserves a demotion transaction …

“imposes a banishment transaction on one who deserves a demotion transaction (or) imposes a demotion transaction on one who deserves a banishment transaction …

“imposes a reconciliation transaction on one who deserves a banishment transaction (or) imposes a banishment transaction on one who deserves a reconciliation transaction …

“imposes a suspension transaction on one who deserves a reconciliation transaction (or) imposes a reconciliation transaction on one who deserves a suspension transaction …

“gives probation to on one who deserves a suspension transaction (or) imposes a suspension transaction on one who deserves probation …

“sends back to the beginning one who deserves probation (or) gives probation to one who deserves to be sent back to the beginning …

“gives penance to one who deserves to be sent back to the beginning (or) sends back to the beginning one who deserves penance …

“rehabilitates one who deserves penance (or) gives penance to one who deserves a rehabilitation …

“gives Acceptance to one who deserves rehabilitation (or) rehabilitates one who deserves a Acceptance: Is that a Dhamma transaction, lord, a Vinaya transaction?”

“It is a non-Dhamma transaction, Upāli, a non-Vinaya transaction.

“Any Saṅgha that, in unity, gives a verdict of past insanity to one who deserves a verdict of mindfulness (or) gives a verdict of past mindfulness to one who deserves a verdict of past insanity: That, Upāli, is a non-Dhamma transaction, a non-Vinaya transaction. And in doing so, the Saṅgha has overstepped its bounds.

“Any Saṅgha that, in unity, imposes a further-punishment transaction on one who deserves a verdict of past insanity (or) gives a verdict of past past insanity to one who deserves a further-punishment transaction …

“imposes a censure transaction on one who deserves a further-punishment transaction (or) imposes a further-punishment transaction on one who deserves a censure transaction …

“imposes a demotion transaction on one who deserves a censure transaction (or) imposes a censure transaction on one who deserves a demotion transaction …

“imposes a banishment transaction on one who deserves a demotion transaction (or) imposes a demotion transaction on one who deserves a banishment transaction …

“imposes a reconciliation transaction on one who deserves a banishment transaction (or) imposes a banishment transaction on one who deserves a reconciliation transaction …

“imposes a suspension transaction on one who deserves a reconciliation transaction (or) imposes a reconciliation transaction on one who deserves a suspension transaction …

“gives probation to on one who deserves a suspension transaction (or) imposes a suspension transaction on one who deserves probation …

“sends back to the beginning one who deserves probation (or) gives probation to one who deserves to be sent back to the beginning …

“gives penance to one who deserves to be sent back to the beginning (or) sends back to the beginning one who deserves penance …

“rehabilitates one who deserves penance (or) gives penance to one who deserves a rehabilitation …

“gives Acceptance to one who deserves rehabilitation (or) rehabilitates one who deserves a Acceptance: That, Upāli, is a non-Dhamma transaction, a non-Vinaya transaction.

“And in doing so, the Saṅgha has overstepped its bounds.”

“Lord, a Saṅgha that, in unity, gives a verdict of mindfulness to one who deserves a verdict of mindfulness (or) gives a verdict of past insanity to one who deserves a verdict of past insanity: Is that a Dhamma transaction, lord, a Vinaya transaction?”

“It is a Dhamma transaction, Upāli, a Vinaya transaction.”

“A Saṅgha that, in unity, gives a verdict of past insanity to one who deserves a verdict of past insanity …

“imposes a further-punishment transaction on one who deserves a further-punishment transaction …

“imposes a censure transaction on one who deserves a censure transaction …

“imposes a demotion transaction on one who deserves a demotion transaction …

“imposes a banishment transaction on one who deserves a banishment transaction …

“imposes a reconciliation transaction on one who deserves a reconciliation transaction …

“imposes a suspension transaction on one who deserves a suspension transaction …

“gives probation to one who deserves probation …

“sends back to the beginning one who deserves to be sent back to the beginning …

“gives penance to one who deserves penance …

“rehabilitates one who deserves rehabilitation (or) gives Acceptance to one who deserves Acceptance: Is that a Dhamma transaction, lord, a Vinaya transaction?”

“It is a Dhamma transaction, Upāli, a Vinaya transaction.

“Any Saṅgha that, in unity, gives a verdict of mindfulness to one who deserves a verdict of mindfulness (or) gives a verdict of past insanity to one who deserves a verdict of past insanity: That, Upāli, is a Dhamma transaction, a Vinaya transaction.

“And in doing so, the Saṅgha has not overstepped its bounds.

“Any Saṅgha that, in unity, gives a verdict of past insanity to one who deserves a verdict of past insanity …

“imposes a further-punishment transaction on one who deserves a further-punishment transaction …

“imposes a censure transaction on one who deserves a censure transaction …

“imposes a demotion transaction on one who deserves a demotion transaction …

“imposes a banishment transaction on one who deserves a banishment transaction …

“imposes a reconciliation transaction on one who deserves a reconciliation transaction …

“imposes a suspension transaction on one who deserves a suspension transaction …

“gives probation to one who deserves probation …

“sends back to the beginning one who deserves to be sent back to the beginning …

“gives penance to one who deserves penance …

“rehabilitates one who deserves rehabilitation (or) gives Acceptance to one who deserves Acceptance: That, Upāli, is a Dhamma transaction, a Vinaya transaction.

“Und so handelt, hat die Saṅgha ihre Grenzen nicht überschritten.”

Dann richtete sich der Befreite an die Bhikkhus: “Bhikkhus, any Saṅgha that, in unity, gives a verdict of past insanity to one who deserves a verdict of mindfulness: That, Bhikkhus, is a non-Dhamma transaction, a non-Vinaya transaction, and in doing so the Saṅgha has overstepped its bounds.

“Any Saṅgha that, in unity, imposes a further-punishment transaction on one who deserves a verdict of mindfulness …

“imposes a censure transaction on one who deserves a verdict of mindfulness …

“imposes a demotion transaction on one who deserves a verdict of mindfulness …

“imposes a banishment transaction on one who deserves a verdict of mindfulness …

“imposes a reconciliation transaction on one who deserves a verdict of mindfulness …

“imposes a suspension transaction on one who deserves a verdict of mindfulness …

“gives probation to one who deserves a verdict of mindfulness …

“sends back to the beginning one who deserves a verdict of mindfulness …

“gives penance to one who deserves a verdict of mindfulness …

“rehabilitates one who deserves a verdict of mindfulness …

“gives Acceptance to one who deserves a verdict of mindfulness: That, Bhikkhus, is a non-Dhamma transaction, a non-Vinaya transaction. And in doing so the Saṅgha has overstepped its bounds.”

“Any Saṅgha that, in unity, imposes a further-punishment transaction on one who deserves a verdict of past insanity: That, Bhikkhus, is a non-Dhamma transaction, a non-Vinaya transaction, and in doing so the Saṅgha has overstepped its bounds.

“Any Saṅgha that, in unity, imposes a censure transaction on one who deserves a verdict of past insanity … imposes a demotion transaction on one who deserves a verdict of past insanity … imposes a banishment transaction on one who deserves a verdict of past insanity … imposes a reconciliation transaction on one who deserves a verdict of past insanity …imposes a suspension transaction on one who deserves a verdict of past insanity …gives probation to one who deserves a verdict of past insanity … sends back to the beginning one who deserves a verdict of past insanity … gives penance to one who deserves a verdict of past insanity … rehabilitates one who deserves a verdict of past insanity … gives Acceptance to one who deserves a verdict of past insanity: That, Bhikkhus, is a Dhamma transaction, a Vinaya transaction. And in doing so the Saṅgha has overstepped its bounds.”

“Any Saṅgha that, in unity, imposes a censure transaction on one who deserves a further-punishment transaction … imposes a demotion transaction on one who deserves a further-punishment transaction … imposes a banishment transaction on one who deserves a further-punishment transaction … imposes a reconciliation transaction on one who deserves a further-punishment transaction …imposes a suspension transaction on one who deserves a further-punishment transaction … gives probation to one who deserves a further-punishment transaction …

“gives a verdict of mindfulness to one who deserves a further-punishment transaction … grants a verdict of past insanity to one who deserves a further-punishment transaction: That, Bhikkhus, is a Dhamma transaction, a Vinaya transaction. And in doing so the Saṅgha has overstepped its bounds.”

“Any Saṅgha that, in unity, … one who deserves a censure transaction …

“one who deserves a censure transaction … one who deserves a banishment transaction … one who deserves a reconciliation transaction … one who deserves a suspension transaction … one who deserves probation … one who deserves to be sent back to the beginning … one who deserves penance … one who deserves rehabilitation …

“gives a verdict of mindfulness to one who deserves Acceptance … gives a verdict of past insanity to one who deserves Acceptance … imposes a further-punishment transaction on one who deserves Acceptance … imposes a censure transaction on one who deserves Acceptance … imposes a demotion transaction on one who deserves Acceptance … imposes a banishment transaction on one who deserves Acceptance … imposes a reconciliation transaction on one who deserves Acceptance … imposes a suspension transaction on one who deserves Acceptance … gives probation to one who deserves Acceptance … sends back to the beginning one who deserves Acceptance … gives penance to one who deserves Acceptance … rehabilitates one who deserves Acceptance: That, Bhikkhus, is a Dhamma transaction, a Vinaya transaction. And in doing so the Saṅgha has overstepped its bounds.”

The Second Recitation Section, Concerning Upāli’s Questions, (is finished).

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu is a maker of strife, quarrels, disputes, dissension, and issues in the Saṅgha.

“Now suppose1 the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu is a maker of strife, quarrels, disputes, dissension, and issues in the Saṅgha. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

1. ce usually means ‘if’, but there is no consequent clause. In this case it seems to indicate that the story is hypothetical. From this section until Mv.IX.7.15, no verdict is given on the transactions done. The following sections seem to be intended to provide the answer, i.e., that the transactions in this section are all invalid. Perhaps the purpose is to show that Saṅgha-Abhandlungen should be taken seriously: When there are disagreements over the validity of transactions, it is important to determine which side(s) are speakers of Dhamma and which side(s) are speakers of non-Dhamma.

“They, a faction, impose a censure transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“He goes from that residence to another residence.

“There, too, the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu has been given a censure transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma, by a Saṅgha—a faction. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, united, impose a censure transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“He goes from that residence to another residence.

“There, too, the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu has been given a censure transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma, by a united Saṅgha. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, impose a censure transaction on him, in accordance with the Dhamma.

“He goes from that residence to another residence.

“There, too, the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu has been given a censure transaction, in accordance with the Dhamma, by a Saṅgha—a faction. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, impose a censure transaction on him that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“He goes from that residence to another residence.

“There, too, the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu has been given a censure transaction that was a semblance of the Dhamma by a Saṅgha—a faction. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, united, impose a censure transaction on him that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu is a maker of strife, quarrels, disputes, dissension, and issues in the Saṅgha.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu is a maker of strife, quarrels, disputes, dissension, and issues in the Saṅgha. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, united, impose a censure transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“He goes from that residence to another residence.

“There, too, the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu has been given a censure transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma, by a united Saṅgha. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, impose a censure transaction on him, in accordance with the Dhamma.

“He goes from that residence to another residence.

“There, too, the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu has been given a censure transaction, in accordance with the Dhamma, by a Saṅgha—a faction. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, impose a censure transaction on him that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“He goes from that residence to another residence.

“There, too, the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu has been given a censure transaction that was a semblance of the Dhamma by a Saṅgha—a faction. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, united, impose a censure transaction on him that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“He goes from that residence to another residence.

“There, too, the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu has been given a censure transaction that was a semblance of the Dhamma by a united Saṅgha. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, impose a censure transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu is a maker of strife, quarrels, disputes, dissension, and issues in the Saṅgha.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu is a maker of strife, quarrels, disputes, dissension, and issues in the Saṅgha. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, impose a censure transaction on him, in accordance with the Dhamma.

“He goes from that residence to another residence.

“There, too, the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu has been given a censure transaction, in accordance with the Dhamma, by a Saṅgha—a faction. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, impose a censure transaction on him that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“He goes from that residence to another residence.

“There, too, the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu has been given a censure transaction that was a semblance of the Dhamma by a Saṅgha—a faction. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, united, impose a censure transaction on him that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“He goes from that residence to another residence.

“There, too, the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu has been given a censure transaction that was a semblance of the Dhamma by a united Saṅgha. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, impose a censure transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“He goes from that residence to another residence.

“There, too, the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu has been given a censure transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma, by a Saṅgha—a faction. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, united, impose a censure transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu is a maker of strife, quarrels, disputes, dissension, and issues in the Saṅgha.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu is a maker of strife, quarrels, disputes, dissension, and issues in the Saṅgha. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, impose a censure transaction on him that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“He goes from that residence to another residence.

“There, too, the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu has been given a censure transaction that was a semblance of the Dhamma by a Saṅgha—a faction. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, united, impose a censure transaction on him that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“He goes from that residence to another residence.

“There, too, the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu has been given a censure transaction that was a semblance of the Dhamma by a united Saṅgha. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, impose a censure transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“He goes from that residence to another residence.

“There, too, the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu has been given a censure transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma, by a Saṅgha—a faction. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, united, impose a censure transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“He goes from that residence to another residence.

“There, too, the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu has been given a censure transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma, by a united Saṅgha. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, impose a censure transaction on him, in accordance with the Dhamma.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu is a maker of strife, quarrels, disputes, dissension, and issues in the Saṅgha.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu is a maker of strife, quarrels, disputes, dissension, and issues in the Saṅgha. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, united, impose a censure transaction on him that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“He goes from that residence to another residence.

“There, too, the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu has been given a censure transaction that was a semblance of the Dhamma by a united Saṅgha. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, impose a censure transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“He goes from that residence to another residence.

“There, too, the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu has been given a censure transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma, by a Saṅgha—a faction. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, united, impose a censure transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“He goes from that residence to another residence.

“There, too, the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu has been given a censure transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma, by a united Saṅgha. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, impose a censure transaction on him, in accordance with the Dhamma.

“He goes from that residence to another residence.

“There, too, the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu has been given a censure transaction, in accordance with the Dhamma, by a Saṅgha—a faction. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, impose a censure transaction on him that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu is inexperienced and incompetent, indiscriminately full of offenses, living in the company of householders, in unbecoming association with householders.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu is inexperienced and incompetent, indiscriminately full of offenses, living in the company of householders, in unbecoming association with householders. Let’s impose a demotion transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, impose a demotion transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“He goes from that residence to another residence.

“There, too, the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu has been given a demotion transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma, by a Saṅgha—a faction. Let’s impose a demotion transaction on him.’

“They, united, impose a demotion transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

The wheel should be completed as before.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu is a corrupter of families, a man of depraved conduct.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu is a corrupter of families, a man of depraved conduct. Let’s impose a banishment transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, impose a banishment transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“He goes from that residence to another residence.

“There, too, the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu has been given a banishment transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma, by a Saṅgha—a faction. Let’s impose a banishment transaction on him.’

“They, united, impose a banishment transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

The wheel should be completed.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu insults and reviles householders.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu insults and reviles householders. Let’s impose a reconciliation transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, impose a reconciliation transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

The wheel should be completed.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having in ein Vergehen gestürzt, refuses to see it.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having in ein Vergehen gestürzt, refuses to see it. Let’s impose a suspension transaction on him for not seeing an offense.”

“They, a faction, impose a suspension transaction that is not in accordance with the Dhamma on him for not seeing an offense. …

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

The wheel should be completed.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having in ein Vergehen gestürzt, refuses to make amends.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having in ein Vergehen gestürzt, refuses to make amends. Let’s impose a suspension transaction on him for not making amends for an offense.”

“They, a faction, impose a suspension transaction that is not in accordance with the Dhamma on him for not making amends for an offense. …

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

The wheel should be completed.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu refuses to relinquish an evil view.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu doesn’t want to relinquish an evil view. Let’s impose a suspension transaction on him for not relinquishing an evil view.”

“They, a faction, impose a suspension transaction that is not in accordance with the Dhamma on him for not relinquishing an evil view. …

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

The wheel should be completed.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having had a censure transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, behaves properly, lowers his hackles, mends his ways. He asks for the rescinding of the censure transaction.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having had a censure transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, has behaved properly, lowered his hackles, mended his ways. He is asking for the rescinding of the censure transaction. Let’s rescind the censure transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, rescind the censure transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“He goes from that residence to another residence.

“There, too, the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu has been given a rescinding of his censure transaction by a Saṅgha—a faction, not in accordance with the Dhamma. Let’s rescind the censure transaction on him.’

“They, united, rescind the censure transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having had a censure transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, behaves properly, lowers his hackles, mends his ways. He asks for the rescinding of the censure transaction.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having had a censure transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, has behaved properly, lowered his hackles, mended his ways. He is asking for the rescinding of the censure transaction. Let’s rescind the censure transaction on him.’

“They, united, rescind the censure transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“A faction … non-Dhamma.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having had a censure transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, behaves properly, lowers his hackles, mends his ways. He asks for the rescinding of the censure transaction.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having had a censure transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, has behaved properly, lowered his hackles, mended his ways. He is asking for the rescinding of the censure transaction. Let’s rescind the censure transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, rescind the censure transaction on him, in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“A faction … non-Dhamma.

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having had a censure transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, behaves properly, lowers his hackles, mends his ways. He asks for the rescinding of the censure transaction.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having had a censure transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, has behaved properly, lowered his hackles, mended his ways. He is asking for the rescinding of the censure transaction. Let’s rescind the censure transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, rescind the censure transaction on him in a way that is a semblance of the Dhamma. …

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“A faction … non-Dhamma.

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … Dhamma.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having had a censure transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, behaves properly, lowers his hackles, mends his ways. He asks for the rescinding of the censure transaction.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having had a censure transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, has behaved properly, lowered his hackles, mended his ways. He is asking for the rescinding of the censure transaction. Let’s rescind the censure transaction on him.’

“They, united, rescind the censure transaction on him in a way that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“A faction … non-Dhamma.

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having had a demotion transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, behaves properly, lowers his hackles, mends his ways. He asks for the rescinding of the demotion transaction.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having had a demotion transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, has behaved properly, lowered his hackles, mended his ways. He is asking for the rescinding of the demotion transaction. Let’s rescind the demotion transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, rescind the demotion transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

The wheel should be completed.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having had a banishment transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, behaves properly, lowers his hackles, mends his ways. He asks for the rescinding of the banishment transaction.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having had a banishment transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, has behaved properly, lowered his hackles, mended his ways. He is asking for the rescinding of the banishment transaction. Let’s rescind the banishment transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, rescind the banishment transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

The wheel should be completed.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having had a reconciliation transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, behaves properly, lowers his hackles, mends his ways. He asks for the rescinding of the reconciliation transaction.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having had a reconciliation transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, has behaved properly, lowered his hackles, mended his ways. He is asking for the rescinding of the reconciliation transaction. Let’s rescind the reconciliation transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, rescind the reconciliation transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

The wheel should be completed.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having had a suspension transaction imposed on him for not seeing an offense by the Saṅgha, behaves properly, lowers his hackles, mends his ways. He asks for the rescinding of the suspension transaction for not seeing an offense.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having had a suspension transaction for not seeing an offense imposed on him by the Saṅgha, has behaved properly, lowered his hackles, mended his ways. He is asking for the rescinding of the suspension transaction for not seeing an offense. Let’s rescind the suspension transaction on him for not seeing an offense.”

“They, a faction, rescind the suspension transaction on him for not seeing an offense, not in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

The wheel should be completed.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having had a suspension transaction imposed on him for not making amends for an offense by the Saṅgha, behaves properly, lowers his hackles, mends his ways. He asks for the rescinding of the suspension transaction for not making amends for an offense.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having had a suspension transaction for not making amends for an offense imposed on him by the Saṅgha, has behaved properly, lowered his hackles, mended his ways. He is asking for the rescinding of the suspension transaction for not making amends for an offense. Let’s rescind the suspension transaction on him for not making amends for an offense.”

“They, a faction, rescind the suspension transaction on him for not making amends for an offense, not in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

The wheel should be completed.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having had a suspension transaction imposed on him for not relinquishing an evil view by the Saṅgha, behaves properly, lowers his hackles, mends his ways. He asks for the rescinding of the suspension transaction for not relinquishing an evil view.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having had a suspension transaction for not relinquishing an evil view imposed on him by the Saṅgha, has behaved properly, lowered his hackles, mended his ways. He is asking for the rescinding of the suspension transaction for not relinquishing an evil view. Let’s rescind the suspension transaction on him for not relinquishing an evil view.”

“They, a faction, rescind the suspension transaction on him for not relinquishing an evil view, not in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

The wheel should be completed.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu is a maker of strife, quarrels, disputes, dissension, and issues in the Saṅgha.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu is a maker of strife, quarrels, disputes, dissension, and issues in the Saṅgha. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, impose a censure transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“The Saṅgha there disputes: ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a united transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a semblance-of-Dhamma factional transaction; a semblance-of-Dhamma united transaction; it’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again.’

“The Bhikkhus there who say, ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma,’ and those who say, ‘It’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again,’—in this case, these Bhikkhus are speakers of Dhamma.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu is a maker of strife, quarrels, disputes, dissension, and issues in the Saṅgha.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu is a maker of strife, quarrels, disputes, dissension, and issues in the Saṅgha. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, united, impose a censure transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“The Saṅgha there disputes: ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a united transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a semblance-of-Dhamma factional transaction; a semblance-of-Dhamma united transaction; it’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again.’

“The Bhikkhus there who say, ‘It’s a united transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma,’ and those who say, ‘It’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again,’—in this case, these Bhikkhus are speakers of Dhamma.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu is a maker of strife, quarrels, disputes, dissension, and issues in the Saṅgha.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu is a maker of strife, quarrels, disputes, dissension, and issues in the Saṅgha. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, impose a censure transaction on him, in accordance with the Dhamma.

“The Saṅgha there disputes: ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a united transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a semblance-of-Dhamma factional transaction; a semblance-of-Dhamma united transaction; it’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again.’

“The Bhikkhus there who say, ‘It’s a factional transaction, in accordance with the Dhamma,’ and those who say, ‘It’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again,’—in this case, these Bhikkhus are speakers of Dhamma.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu is a maker of strife, quarrels, disputes, dissension, and issues in the Saṅgha.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu is a maker of strife, quarrels, disputes, dissension, and issues in the Saṅgha. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, impose a censure transaction on him that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“The Saṅgha there disputes: ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a united transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a semblance-of-Dhamma factional transaction; a semblance-of-Dhamma united transaction; it’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again.’

“The Bhikkhus there who say, ‘It’s a semblance-of-Dhamma, factional transaction,’ and those who say, ‘It’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again,’—in this case, these Bhikkhus are speakers of Dhamma.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu is a maker of strife, quarrels, disputes, dissension, and issues in the Saṅgha.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu is a maker of strife, quarrels, disputes, dissension, and issues in the Saṅgha. Let’s impose a censure transaction on him.’

They, united, impose a censure transaction on him that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“The Saṅgha there disputes: ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a united transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a semblance-of-Dhamma factional transaction; a semblance-of-Dhamma united transaction; it’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again.’

“The Bhikkhus there who say, ‘It’s a semblance-of-Dhamma, united transaction,’ and those who say, ‘It’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again,’—in this case, these Bhikkhus are speakers of Dhamma.

There is the case where a Bhikkhu is inexperienced and incompetent, indiscriminately full of offenses, living in the company of householders, in unbecoming association with householders.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu is inexperienced and incompetent, indiscriminately full of offenses, living in the company of householders, in unbecoming association with householders. Let’s impose a demotion transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, impose a demotion transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“The Saṅgha there disputes: ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a united transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a semblance-of-Dhamma factional transaction; a semblance-of-Dhamma united transaction; it’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again.’

“The Bhikkhus there who say, ‘It’s a semblance-of-Dhamma, united transaction,’ and those who say, ‘It’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again,’—in this case, these Bhikkhus are speakers of Dhamma.

These five sections are condensed.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu is a corrupter of families, a man of depraved conduct.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu is a corrupter of families, a man of depraved conduct. Let’s impose a banishment transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, impose a banishment transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“The Saṅgha there disputes: ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a united transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a semblance-of-Dhamma factional transaction; a semblance-of-Dhamma united transaction; it’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again.’

“The Bhikkhus there who say, ‘It’s a semblance-of-Dhamma, united transaction,’ and those who say, ‘It’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again,’—in this case, these Bhikkhus are speakers of Dhamma.

These five sections are condensed.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu insults and reviles householders.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu insults and reviles householders. Let’s impose a reconciliation transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, impose a reconciliation transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“The Saṅgha there disputes: ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a united transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a semblance-of-Dhamma factional transaction; a semblance-of-Dhamma united transaction; it’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again.’

“The Bhikkhus there who say, ‘It’s a semblance-of-Dhamma, united transaction,’ and those who say, ‘It’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again,’—in this case, these Bhikkhus are speakers of Dhamma.

These five sections are condensed.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having in ein Vergehen gestürzt, refuses to make amends.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having in ein Vergehen gestürzt, refuses to make amends. Let’s impose a suspension transaction on him for not making amends for an offense.”

“They, a faction, impose a suspension transaction on him for not make amends for an offense that is a non-Dhamma. …

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“The Saṅgha there disputes: ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a united transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a semblance-of-Dhamma factional transaction; a semblance-of-Dhamma united transaction; it’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again.’

“The Bhikkhus there who say, ‘It’s a semblance-of-Dhamma, united transaction,’ and those who say, ‘It’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again,’—in this case, these Bhikkhus are speakers of Dhamma.

These five sections are condensed.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having in ein Vergehen gestürzt, refuses to make amends.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having in ein Vergehen gestürzt, refuses to make amends. Let’s impose a suspension transaction on him for not making amends for an offense.”

“They, a faction, impose a suspension transaction on him for not make amends for an offense that is a non-Dhamma. …

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“The Saṅgha there disputes: ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a united transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a semblance-of-Dhamma factional transaction; a semblance-of-Dhamma united transaction; it’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again.’

“The Bhikkhus there who say, ‘It’s a semblance-of-Dhamma, united transaction,’ and those who say, ‘It’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again,’—in this case, these Bhikkhus are speakers of Dhamma.

These five sections are condensed.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu doesn’t want to relinquish an evil view.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu doesn’t want to relinquish an evil view. Let’s impose a suspension transaction on him for not relinquishing an evil view.”

“They, a faction, impose a suspension transaction on him for not relinquishing an evil view that is a non-Dhamma. …

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“The Saṅgha there disputes: ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a united transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a semblance-of-Dhamma factional transaction; a semblance-of-Dhamma united transaction; it’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again.’

“The Bhikkhus there who say, ‘It’s a semblance-of-Dhamma, united transaction,’ and those who say, ‘It’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again,’—in this case, these Bhikkhus are speakers of Dhamma.

These five sections are condensed.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having had a censure transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, behaves properly, lowers his hackles, mends his ways. He asks for the rescinding of the censure transaction.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having had a censure transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, has behaved properly, lowered his hackles, mended his ways. He is asking for the rescinding of the censure transaction. Let’s rescind the censure transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, rescind the censure transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“The Saṅgha there disputes: ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a united transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a semblance-of-Dhamma factional transaction; a semblance-of-Dhamma united transaction; it’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again.’

“The Bhikkhus there who say, ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma,’ and those who say, ‘It’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again,’—in this case, these Bhikkhus are speakers of Dhamma.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having had a censure transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, behaves properly, lowers his hackles, mends his ways. He asks for the rescinding of the censure transaction.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having had a censure transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, has behaved properly, lowered his hackles, mended his ways. He is asking for the rescinding of the censure transaction. Let’s rescind the censure transaction on him.’

“They, united, rescind the censure transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“The Saṅgha there disputes: ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a united transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a semblance-of-Dhamma factional transaction; a semblance-of-Dhamma united transaction; it’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again.’

“The Bhikkhus there who say, ‘It’s a united transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma,’ and those who say, ‘It’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again,’—in this case, these Bhikkhus are speakers of Dhamma.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having had a censure transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, behaves properly, lowers his hackles, mends his ways. He asks for the rescinding of the censure transaction.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having had a censure transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, has behaved properly, lowered his hackles, mended his ways. He is asking for the rescinding of the censure transaction. Let’s rescind the censure transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, rescind the censure transaction on him, in accordance with the Dhamma.

“The Saṅgha there disputes: ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a united transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a semblance-of-Dhamma factional transaction; a semblance-of-Dhamma united transaction; it’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again.’

“The Bhikkhus there who say, ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma,’ and those who say, ‘It’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again,’—in this case, these Bhikkhus are speakers of Dhamma.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having had a censure transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, behaves properly, lowers his hackles, mends his ways. He asks for the rescinding of the censure transaction.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having had a censure transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, has behaved properly, lowered his hackles, mended his ways. He is asking for the rescinding of the censure transaction. Let’s rescind the censure transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, rescind the censure transaction on him in a way that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“The Saṅgha there disputes: ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a united transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a semblance-of-Dhamma factional transaction; a semblance-of-Dhamma united transaction; it’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again.’

“The Bhikkhus there who say, ‘It’s a semblance-of-Dhamma, factional transaction,’ and those who say, ‘It’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again,’—in this case, these Bhikkhus are speakers of Dhamma.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having had a censure transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, behaves properly, lowers his hackles, mends his ways. He asks for the rescinding of the censure transaction.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having had a censure transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, has behaved properly, lowered his hackles, mended his ways. He is asking for the rescinding of the censure transaction. Let’s rescind the censure transaction on him.’

“They, united, rescind the censure transaction on him in a way that is a semblance of the Dhamma.

“The Saṅgha there disputes: ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a united transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a semblance-of-Dhamma factional transaction; a semblance-of-Dhamma united transaction; it’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again.’

“The Bhikkhus there who say, ‘It’s a semblance-of-Dhamma, united transaction,’ and those who say, ‘It’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again,’—in this case, these Bhikkhus are speakers of Dhamma.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having had a demotion transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, behaves properly, lowers his hackles, mends his ways. He asks for the rescinding of the demotion transaction.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having had a demotion transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, has behaved properly, lowered his hackles, mended his ways. He is asking for the rescinding of the demotion transaction. Let’s rescind the demotion transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, rescind the demotion transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“The Saṅgha there disputes: ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a united transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a semblance-of-Dhamma factional transaction; a semblance-of-Dhamma united transaction; it’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again.’

“The Bhikkhus there who say, ‘It’s a semblance-of-Dhamma, united transaction,’ and those who say, ‘It’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again,’—in this case, these Bhikkhus are speakers of Dhamma.

These five sections are condensed.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having had a banishment transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, behaves properly, lowers his hackles, mends his ways. He asks for the rescinding of the banishment transaction.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having had a banishment transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, has behaved properly, lowered his hackles, mended his ways. He is asking for the rescinding of the banishment transaction. Let’s rescind the banishment transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, rescind the banishment transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“The Saṅgha there disputes: ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a united transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a semblance-of-Dhamma factional transaction; a semblance-of-Dhamma united transaction; it’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again.’

“The Bhikkhus there who say, ‘It’s a semblance-of-Dhamma, united transaction,’ and those who say, ‘It’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again,’—in this case, these Bhikkhus are speakers of Dhamma.

These five sections are condensed.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having had a reconciliation transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, behaves properly, lowers his hackles, mends his ways. He asks for the rescinding of the reconciliation transaction.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having had a reconciliation transaction imposed on him by the Saṅgha, has behaved properly, lowered his hackles, mended his ways. He is asking for the rescinding of the reconciliation transaction. Let’s rescind the reconciliation transaction on him.’

“They, a faction, rescind the reconciliation transaction on him, not in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“The Saṅgha there disputes: ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a united transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a semblance-of-Dhamma factional transaction; a semblance-of-Dhamma united transaction; it’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again.’

“The Bhikkhus there who say, ‘It’s a semblance-of-Dhamma, united transaction,’ and those who say, ‘It’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again,’—in this case, these Bhikkhus are speakers of Dhamma.

These five sections are condensed.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having had a suspension transaction imposed on him for not seeing an offense by the Saṅgha, behaves properly, lowers his hackles, mends his ways. He asks for the rescinding of the suspension transaction for not seeing an offense.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having had a suspension transaction for not seeing an offense imposed on him by the Saṅgha, has behaved properly, lowered his hackles, mended his ways. He is asking for the rescinding of the suspension transaction for not seeing an offense. Let’s rescind the suspension transaction on him for not seeing an offense.”

“They, a faction, rescind the suspension transaction on him for not seeing an offense, not in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“The Saṅgha there disputes: ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a united transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a semblance-of-Dhamma factional transaction; a semblance-of-Dhamma united transaction; it’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again.’

“The Bhikkhus there who say, ‘It’s a semblance-of-Dhamma, united transaction,’ and those who say, ‘It’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again,’—in this case, these Bhikkhus are speakers of Dhamma.

These five sections are condensed.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having had a suspension transaction imposed on him for not making amends for an offense by the Saṅgha, behaves properly, lowers his hackles, mends his ways. He asks for the rescinding of the suspension transaction for not making amends for an offense.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having had a suspension transaction for not making amends for an offense imposed on him by the Saṅgha, has behaved properly, lowered his hackles, mended his ways. He is asking for the rescinding of the suspension transaction for not making amends for an offense. Let’s rescind the suspension transaction on him for not making amends for an offense.”

“They, a faction, rescind the suspension transaction on him for not making amends for an offense, not in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“The Saṅgha there disputes: ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a united transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a semblance-of-Dhamma factional transaction; a semblance-of-Dhamma united transaction; it’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again.’

“The Bhikkhus there who say, ‘It’s a semblance-of-Dhamma, united transaction,’ and those who say, ‘It’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again,’—in this case, these Bhikkhus are speakers of Dhamma.

These five sections are condensed.

“Bhikkhus, da ist der Fall, daß ein Bhikkhu, having had a suspension transaction imposed on him for not relinquishing an evil view by the Saṅgha, behaves properly, lowers his hackles, mends his ways. He asks for the rescinding of the suspension transaction for not relinquishing an evil view.

“Now suppose the thought occurs to the Bhikkhus, ‘Friends, this Bhikkhu, having had a suspension transaction for not relinquishing an evil view imposed on him by the Saṅgha, has behaved properly, lowered his hackles, mended his ways. He is asking for the rescinding of the suspension transaction for not relinquishing an evil view. Let’s rescind the suspension transaction on him for not relinquishing an evil view.”

“They, a faction, rescind the suspension transaction on him for not relinquishing an evil view, not in accordance with the Dhamma. …

“United … not in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … in accordance with the Dhamma.

“A faction … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“United … a semblance of the Dhamma.

“The Saṅgha there disputes: ‘It’s a factional transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a united transaction, not in accordance with the Dhamma; a semblance-of-Dhamma factional transaction; a semblance-of-Dhamma united transaction; it’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again.’

“The Bhikkhus there who say, ‘It’s a semblance-of-Dhamma, united transaction,’ and those who say, ‘It’s an undone transaction, a poorly done transaction; the transaction should be done again,’—in this case, these Bhikkhus are speakers of Dhamma.”

These five sections are condensed.

The Campā Khandhaka, the ninth, (is finished).

In this khandhaka there are thirty-six cases.

The Blessed One was at Campā,

the case of Vāsabha Village.

He made an effort for ankommende Bhikkhus,

in terms of what was desirable.

Knowing “They’re familiar now,”

he then didn’t make an effort.

Suspended (because they thought,)

“He’s not making (an effort),”

he came to the presence of the Victor.

A factional transaction

not in accordance with the Dhamma,

and united, not in accordance with the Dhamma,

a factional transaction

in accordance with the Dhamma

and a semblance-of-Dhamma, factional one.

A semblance-of-Dhamma, united one,

one suspends one,

and one (suspends) two, several,

one suspends a Saṅgha.

Two also, and several,

a Saṅgha suspended a Saṅgha.

The excellent, All-knowing One, having heard:

(Saying,) “Non-Dhamma,” he prohibited it.

Whatever transaction has an invalid motion,

but valid proclamation,

and whichever an invalid proclamation,

but valid motion,

invalid in both,

apart from Dhamma, Vinaya,

or Teacher: It’s been protested,

is reversible, not fit to stand.

Non-Dhamma: factional or united,

a semblance, two of those.

in accordance with the Dhamma and united:

The Tathāgata allowed it.

A quorum of four, a quorum of five,

a quorum of ten, and twenty,

a quorum of more that twenty:

thus a Saṅgha is analyzed into five.

Aside from Acceptance,

the transaction of the Invitation,

and rehabilitation transaction,

One is fit to do it with a quorum of four.

Aside from two transactions,

Acceptance in the Middle Land,

and rehabilitation: A quorum of five

is fit for all transactions.

Aside from one—rehabilitation,

whatever Bhikkhus are a quorum of ten:

They’re a Saṅgha

fit to do all transactions.

Twenty are fit everywhere.

A bhikkhunī, a female trainee,

a male novice, or female,

a renouncer, (one with) an extreme offense,

one suspended for not seeing.

One who won’t make amends,

one with a view,

a paṇḍaka, a thief by affiliation,

a sectarian, an animal,

a killer of mother and father,

or of an arahant.

A molester of a bhikkhunī,

a schismatic, a shedder of blood,

a hermaphrodite, one of separate affiliation,

one in different territory, or by psychic power.

And he for whom the Saṅgha

is doing the transaction:

These twenty-four are

prohibited by the Self-awakened One:

they don’t complete the quorum.

If, with one on probation as the fourth,

(a Saṅgha) should grant probation,

or (send back to) the beginning,

(grant) penance, or rehabilitation,

it’s not a transaction and shouldn’t be done.

One deserving the beginning, or penance,

or deserving rehabilitation—likewise.

(These) five1 aren’t doers of transactions,

The Self-awakened One declared them.

1. ‘Penance’ here covers both deserving and observing, thus five.

A bhikkhunī, a female trainee,

a male novice, or female,

renouncers, (one with) an extreme (offense), one who’s insane,

one possessed, one in pain, one who (won’t) see.

One who won’t make amends,

one with a view,

a paṇḍaka, the thief by affiliation,

a sectarian, an animal,

a killer of mother and father,

or of an arahant.

A molester of a bhikkhunī,

a schismatic, a shedder of blood,

a hermaphrodite,

and one of separate affiliation,

One standing in a separate territory,

or in the sky,

and one for whom the transaction is done.

The protest of these twenty-seven

carries no weight.

The protest of a regular Bhikkhu,

carries weight.

For one who is pure, he is wrongly expelled,

but a fool is rightly expelled.

A paṇḍaka, a thief by affiliation,

one who has gone over, an animal,

(a killer of) mother, father, an arahant,

a molester, a splitter of the Saṅgha,

a shedder of blood,

and one who is a hermaphrodite:

The restoration of these eleven,

is not accomplished.

Hand, foot, both of these,

ear, nose, both of these.

Finger, thumb, tendon,

webbed, bent-over, a dwarf,

a goiter, branded, whipped,

one with a warrant, or elephantiasis.

Evil, the assembly, blind in one eye,

with a crooked limb, lame, paralyzed,

a cripple, or weak,

blind, mute, or deaf.

Blind and mute, blind and deaf,

mute and deaf as well,

and blind, mute, and deaf,

These thirty-two, not fewer:

Their restoration is declared,

by the Self-awakened One.

To be seen, to make amends for,

or to be relinquished—none exists.

These suspension transactions on him—

seven—are non-Dhamma.

(The suspension of) one fallen into (offense), but following his duty,

these seven are also non-Dhamma.

(The suspension of) one not following his duty,

these seven transactions are surely Dhamma.

Doing them face-to-face, with interrogation,

with acknowledgment.

Mindfulness, past insanity, further-punishment,

with censure, demotion,

banishment, reconciliation,

suspension, and probation.

The beginning, penance, rehabilitation,

and even Acceptance.

Should one do them for (a Bhikkhu deserving) another:

These sixteen are non-Dhamma.

Should one do them

for (a Bhikkhu deserving) that one:

These sixteen are surely Dhamma.

Should one switch them with another,

These sixteen are non-Dhamma.

Bases done to him in pairs:

These sixteen are also Dhamma.

A wheel of bases, one-by-one:

‘Non-Dhamma’ said the Victor.

The Saṅgha did a censure transaction, a maker of strife,

a factional transaction,

not in accordance with the Dhamma.

He went to another residence.

There, united, they gave him censure,

not in accordance with the Dhamma.

Another place: factional,

they gave him censure,

in accordance with the Dhamma.

Also a faction, a semblance,

and united, they did likewise.

Not in accordance with the Dhamma, united,

and in accordance with the Dhamma, factional.

A semblance, factional,

and united—these are the lines.

Doing the bases one-by-one,

one who is observant,

would construct the wheel:

For one inexperienced and incompetent, demotion.

They should banish a corrupter of families.

The reconciliation transaction,

they should impose on an insulter.

For one who won’t see,

or won’t make amends,

or one who won’t relinquish a view:

For these, a suspension transaction.

This was said by the Caravan Leader.

The method for (completing)

the transactions below:

One with discernment

would follow the (pattern of the) censure (transaction).

For them—their hackles were lowered,

they behaved properly, they asked.

The rescinding of their transactions,

follows the method of the above transactions.

In the case of each transaction,

the (Bhikkhus) there disputed.

“It’s undone and it’s poorly done

and it should be done again!”

Also in the case of rescinding transactions,

those Bhikkhus are speakers of Dhamma.

Seeing them—afflicted by what is invalid

with transactions imposed on them—

the Great Sage showed their allaying,

as a doctor, medicine.