140. dvevācikādipavāraṇā (Mv.IV.15.1)
The Invitation with Two Statements, etc. [BMC]

[244] tena kho pana samayena kosalesu janapadesu aññatarasmiṁ āvāse tadahupavāraṇāya sañcarabhayaṁ [ME: savarabhayaṁ] ahosi.	Now on that occasion, at a certain residence in the Kosalan countryside, on the day of the Invitation, there was fear about Savaras[1].
bhikkhū nāsakkhiṁsu tevācikaṁ pavāretuṁ.	The monks couldn’t invite by three statements.
bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.	They reported the matter to the Blessed One.
anujānāmi bhikkhave dvevācikaṁ pavāretunti.	“Monks, I allow that you invite by two statements.”
bāḷhataraṁ sañcarabhayaṁ ahosi.	There was even greater fear about Savaras.
bhikkhū nāsakkhiṁsu dvevācikaṁ pavāretuṁ.	The monks couldn’t invite by two statements.
bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.	They reported the matter to the Blessed One.
anujānāmi bhikkhave ekavācikaṁ pavāretunti.	“I allow that you invite by one statement.”
bāḷhataraṁ sañcarabhayaṁ ahosi.	There was even greater fear about Savaras.
bhikkhū nāsakkhiṁsu ekavācikaṁ pavāretuṁ.	The monks couldn’t invite by one statement.
bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.	They reported the matter to the Blessed One.
anujānāmi bhikkhave samānavassikaṁ pavāretunti.	“I allow you to invite by equal Rains[2].”
(Mv.IV.15.2) tena kho pana samayena aññatarasmiṁ āvāse tadahupavāraṇāya manussehi dānaṁ dentehi yebhuyyena ratti khepitā hoti.	Now on that occasion, at a certain monastery on the day of the Invitation most of the day and night[3] was spent with people giving gifts.
athakho tesaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ etadahosi imehi manussehi dānaṁ dentehi yebhuyyena ratti khepitā sace saṅgho tevācikaṁ pavāressati appavārito va saṅgho bhavissati athāyaṁ ratti vibhāyissati kathaṁ nu kho amhehi paṭipajjitabbanti.	Then the thought occurred to the monks, “Most of the day and night has been spent with these people giving gifts. If the Saṅgha invites by three statements, the night will end and the Saṅgha will not have (all) invited. What should we do?”
bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.	They reported the matter to the Blessed One.
(Mv.IV.15.3) idha pana bhikkhave aññatarasmiṁ āvāse tadahupavāraṇāya manussehi dānaṁ dentehi yebhuyyena ratti khepitā hoti.	“Monks, there is the case where, at a certain monastery on the day of the Invitation, most of the day and night is spent with people giving gifts.
tatra ce bhikkhūnaṁ evaṁ hoti manussehi dānaṁ dentehi yebhuyyena ratti khepitā sace saṅgho tevācikaṁ pavāressati appavārito va saṅgho bhavissati athāyaṁ ratti vibhāyissatīti.	“If the thought occurs to the monks there, ‘Most of the day and night has been spent with people giving gifts. If the Saṅgha invites by three statements, the night will end and the Saṅgha will not have (all) invited,’
byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo	“(then) an experienced and competent monk should inform the Saṅgha:
suṇātu me bhante saṅgho manussehi dānaṁ dentehi yebhuyyena ratti khepitā.	“‘Venerable sirs, may the Saṅgha listen to me. Most of the day and night has been spent with people giving gifts.
sace saṅgho tevācikaṁ pavāressati appavārito va saṅgho bhavissati athāyaṁ ratti vibhāyissati.	“‘If the Saṅgha invites by three statements, the night will end and the Saṅgha will not have (all) invited.
yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṁ saṅgho dvevācikaṁ ekavācikaṁ samānavassikaṁ pavāreyyāti.	“‘If the Saṅgha is ready, it should invite by two statements … by one statement … by equal Rains.’
(Mv.IV.15.4) idha pana bhikkhave aññatarasmiṁ āvāse tadahupavāraṇāya bhikkhūhi dhammaṁ bhaṇantehi suttantikehi suttantaṁ saṅgāyantehi vinayadharehi vinayaṁ vinicchinantehi dhammakathikehi dhammaṁ sākacchantehi bhikkhūhi kalahaṁ karontehi yebhuyyena ratti khepitā hoti.	“Monks, there is the case where, at a certain monastery on the day of the Invitation most of the day and night is spent with the monks speaking Dhamma … with sutta-monks chanting the suttas together … with Vinaya experts analyzing the Vinaya … with Dhamma-speakers discussing the Dhamma … with the monks quarreling[4].
tatra ce bhikkhūnaṁ evaṁ hoti bhikkhūhi kalahaṁ karontehi yebhuyyena ratti khepitā sace saṅgho tevācikaṁ pavāressati appavārito va saṅgho bhavissati athāyaṁ ratti vibhāyissatīti.	“If the thought occurs to the monks there, ‘Most of the day and night has been spent with the monks making an uproar. If the Saṅgha invites by three statements, the night will end and the Saṅgha will not have (all) invited,’
byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo	“(then) an experienced and competent monk should inform the Saṅgha:
suṇātu me bhante saṅgho bhikkhūhi kalahaṁ karontehi yebhuyyena ratti khepitā.	“‘Venerable sirs, may the Saṅgha listen to me. Most of the day and night has been spent with the monks making an uproar.
sace saṅgho tevācikaṁ pavāressati appavārito va saṅgho bhavissati athāyaṁ ratti vibhāyissati.	“‘If the Saṅgha invites by three statements, the night will end and the Saṅgha will not have (all) invited.
yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṁ saṅgho dvevācikaṁ ekavācikaṁ samānavassikaṁ pavāreyyāti.	“‘If the Saṅgha is ready, it should invite by two statements … by one statement … by equal Rains.’”
(Mv.IV.15.5) tena kho pana samayena kosalesu janapadesu aññatarasmiṁ āvāse tadahupavāraṇāya mahābhikkhusaṅgho sannipatito hoti.	Now on that occasion, at a certain residence in the Kosalan countryside, on the day of the Invitation, a large Saṅgha of monks had gathered.
parittañca anovassikaṁ hoti mahā ca megho uggato hoti.	There was limited space protected from the rain, and a great cloud had risen up.
athakho tesaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ etadahosi ayaṁ kho mahābhikkhusaṅgho sannipatito parittañca anovassikaṁ mahā ca megho uggato sace saṅgho tevācikaṁ pavāressati appavārito va saṅgho bhavissati athāyaṁ megho pavassissati kathaṁ nu kho amhehi paṭipajjitabbanti.	Then the thought occurred to the monks, “This large Saṅgha of monks has gathered, there is limited space protected from the rain, and a great cloud has risen up. If the Saṅgha invites by three statements, the Saṅgha will not have (all) invited before this cloud rains down. What should we do?”
bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.	They reported the matter to the Blessed One.
(Mv.IV.15.6) idha pana bhikkhave aññatarasmiṁ āvāse tadahupavāraṇāya mahābhikkhusaṅgho sannipatito hoti.	“Monks, there is the case where at a certain residence on the day of the Invitation a large Saṅgha of monks has gathered.
parittañca anovassikaṁ hoti mahā ca megho uggato hoti.	“There is limited space protected from the rain, and a great cloud has risen up.
tatra ce bhikkhūnaṁ evaṁ hoti ayaṁ kho mahābhikkhusaṅgho sannipatito parittañca anovassikaṁ mahā ca megho uggato sace saṅgho tevācikaṁ pavāressati appavārito va saṅgho bhavissati athāyaṁ megho pavassissatīti.	“If the thought occurs to the monks, ‘This large Saṅgha of monks has gathered, there is limited space protected from the rain, and a great cloud has risen up. If the Saṅgha invites by three statements, the Saṅgha will not have (all) invited before this cloud rains down,’
byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo	“(then) an experienced and competent monk should inform the Saṅgha:
suṇātu me bhante saṅgho ayaṁ mahābhikkhusaṅgho sannipatito.	“‘Venerable sirs, may the Saṅgha listen to me. This large Saṅgha of monks has gathered.
parittañca anovassikaṁ mahā ca megho uggato.	“‘There is limited space protected from the rain, and a great cloud has risen up.
sace saṅgho tevācikaṁ pavāressati appavārito va saṅgho bhavissati athāyaṁ megho pavassissati.	“‘If the Saṅgha invites by three statements, the Saṅgha will not have (all) invited before this cloud rains down.”
yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṁ saṅgho dvevācikaṁ ekavācikaṁ samānavassikaṁ pavāreyyāti.	“‘If the Saṅgha is ready, it should invite by two statements … by one statement … by equal Rains.’
(Mv.IV.15.7) idha pana bhikkhave aññatarasmiṁ āvāse tadahupavāraṇāya rājantarāyo hoti .pe.	“Monks, there is the case where at a certain residence on the day of the Invitation there is a king obstruction … [Mv.II.15.4]
corantarāyo hoti.	“there is a thief obstruction …
agyantarāyo hoti.	“there is a fire obstruction …
udakantarāyo hoti.	“there is a water obstruction …
manussantarāyo hoti.	“there is a human being obstruction …
amanussantarāyo hoti.	“there is a non-human being obstruction …
vāḷantarāyo hoti.	“there is a beast obstruction …
siriṁsapantarāyo hoti.	“there is a creeping-pest obstruction …
jīvitantarāyo hoti.	“there is a life obstruction …
brahmacariyantarāyo hoti.	“there is a celibacy obstruction.
tatra ce bhikkhūnaṁ evaṁ hoti ayaṁ kho brahmacariyantarāyo sace saṅgho tevācikaṁ pavāressati appavārito va saṅgho bhavissati athāyaṁ brahmacariyantarāyo bhavissatīti.	“If the thought occurs to the monks, ‘There is this celibacy-obstruction. If the Saṅgha invites by three statements, the Saṅgha will not have (all) invited before this celibacy-obstruction occurs,’
byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo	“(then) an experienced and competent monk should inform the Saṅgha:
suṇātu me bhante saṅgho ayaṁ brahmacariyantarāyo sace saṅgho tevācikaṁ pavāressati appavārito va saṅgho bhavissati athāyaṁ brahmacariyantarāyo bhavissati.	“‘Venerable sirs, may the Saṅgha listen to me. There is this celibacy-obstruction. If the Saṅgha invites by three statements, the Saṅgha will not have (all) invited before this celibacy-obstruction occurs.’
yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṁ saṅgho dvevācikaṁ ekavācikaṁ samānavassikaṁ pavāreyyāti.	“‘If the Saṅgha is ready, it should invite by two statements … by one statement … by equal Rains.’

Notes

1.: The Savaras were an indigenous tribe. A place called Savara is mentioned in the Milindapañhā, said to be inhabited by caṇḍalas, or outcastes, which is how indigenous tribes probably would have been categorized in the Vedic caste system. The Commentary to this passage explains savara as ‘forest people’.
2.: This means that monks with an equal number of Rains (in seniority) would invite in unison, not, as one scholar has suggested, that the monks would break up into groups of monks with equal seniority and invite just with the monks in their group. To invite in such a way would defeat the purpose of the Invitation: to allow any monk in the Saṅgha to make an accusation against any other monk, if he has a reason to suspect him of an offense. Also, each group would be a faction, making the transaction factional, in violation of Mv.IV.3.1. I.B. Horner also misunderstands this passage, translating, “I allow you, monks, to invite those who keep the rains (all) together.”
3.: ratti means either ‘night’ or one period of day and night, which in English is called a ‘day’.
4.: kalahaṁ karoti can also mean ‘to make an uproar’. The Commentaries offer no explanation of what the monks might be quarreling about or what kind of uproar they might be making.

Provenance:

2017 Ven. Khematto Bhikkhu

Edition: 2017-09-29.

Transcribed from a file generously provided by the translator via dhammatalks.org and edited to ZzE-style by sj.

2017

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How to cite this document (one suggested style): 'Mv IV.21: Dvevācikādipavāraṇā: The Invitation with Two Statements, etc. - line by line', by Ven. Khematto Bhikkhu. Zugang zur Einsicht, 4. November 2017, http://www.zugangzureinsicht.org/html/tipitaka/vin/mv/mv04/mv.04.21.khem_enpi.html retreived on:

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140. dvevācikādipavāraṇā (Mv.IV.15.1) The Invitation with Two Statements, etc. [BMC]

Notes

140. dvevācikādipavāraṇā (Mv.IV.15.1)
The Invitation with Two Statements, etc. [BMC]