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Mv III 02
PTS: Mv III 3 | CS: vin.mv.03.02
Vassāne cārikāpaṭikkhepādi
'Line by Line'
The Prohibition Against Going on Tour During the Rains, etc.
by
Ven. Khematto Bhikkhu
Alternate translations/layout: 'read-friendly' layout

108. vassāne cārikāpaṭikkhepādi (Mv.III.3.1)
The Prohibition Against Going on Tour During the Rains, etc. [BMC]

[207] tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū vassaṁ upagantvā antarāvassaṁ cārikaṁ caranti.

Now at that time the Group-of-six monks, having entered for the Rains, went on a walking tour during the Rains.

manussā tatheva ujjhāyanti khīyanti vipācenti kathaṁ hi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā hemantampi gimhampi vassampi cārikaṁ carissanti haritāni tiṇāni sammaddantā ekindriyaṁ jīvaṁ viheṭhentā bahū khuddake pāṇe saṅghātaṁ āpādentā

Because of that, people criticized and complained and spread it about, “How can the Sakyan-son contemplatives go on walking tours in the hot season, the cold season, and the rainy season — crushing crops and grasses, harming one-facultied life, bringing many small creatures to destruction?

ime hi nāma aññatitthiyā durakkhātadhammā vassāvāsaṁ alliyissanti saṅkāsayissanti ime hi nāma sakuntakā rukkhaggesu kulāvakāni karitvā vassāvāsaṁ alliyissanti saṅkāsayissanti

“Even these wanderers of other religions with poorly-expounded Dhammas stick to one place and stay put for the Rains-residence. Even the little birds, having made nests in the tops of trees stick to one place and stay put for the Rains-residence.

ime pana samaṇā sakyaputtiyā hemantampi gimhampi vassampi cārikaṁ caranti haritāni tiṇāni sammaddantā ekindriyaṁ jīvaṁ viheṭhentā bahū khuddake pāṇe saṅghātaṁ āpādentāti.

“But these Sakyan-son contemplatives go on walking tours in the hot season, the cold season, and the rainy season — crushing crops and grasses, harming one-facultied life, bringing many small creatures to destruction.”

(Mv.III.3.2) assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tesaṁ manussānaṁ ujjhāyantānaṁ khīyantānaṁ vipācentānaṁ.

The monks heard the people criticizing and complaining and spreading it about.

ye te bhikkhū appicchā te ujjhāyanti khīyanti vipācenti kathaṁ hi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū vassaṁ upagantvā antarāvassaṁ cārikaṁ carissantīti.

Those monks who were modest criticized and complained and spread it about: “How can the Group-of-six monks, having entered for the Rains, go on a walking tour during the Rains?”

athakho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

Then the monks reported the matter to the Blessed One.

athakho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi

Then the Blessed One, having given a Dhamma talk with regard to this cause, to this incident, addressed the monks:

na bhikkhave vassaṁ upagantvā purimaṁ vā temāsaṁ pacchimaṁ vā temāsaṁ avasitvā cārikā pakkamitabbā yo pakkameyya āpatti dukkaṭassāti.

“Monks, having entered for the Rains, one should not set out on a walking tour without having stayed either the first three months or the last three months. Whoever should set out: an offense of wrong doing.”

(Mv.III.4.1) [208] tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū na icchanti vassaṁ upagantuṁ.

Now at that time the Group-of-six monks didn’t want to enter for the Rains.

bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

They reported the matter to the Blessed One.

na bhikkhave vassaṁ na upagantabbaṁ yo na upagaccheyya āpatti dukkaṭassāti.

“Monks, one should not not enter for the Rains. Whoever does not enter: an offense of wrong doing.”

(Mv.III.4.2) tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū tadahuvassūpanāyikāya vassaṁ anupagantukāmā sañcicca āvāsaṁ atikkamanti.

Now at that time the Group-of-six monks, on a day for beginning the Rains, intentionally passed by a residence not desiring to enter for the Rains.

bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

They reported the matter to the Blessed One.

na bhikkhave tadahuvassūpanāyikāya vassaṁ anupagantukāmena sañcicca āvāso atikkamitabbo yo atikkameyya āpatti dukkaṭassāti.

“Monks, on a day for beginning the Rains, one should not intentionally pass by a residence not desiring to enter for the Rains. Whoever should pass by: an offense of wrong doing.” [BMC]

(Mv.III.4.3) [209] tena kho pana samayena rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro vassaṁ ukkaḍḍhitukāmo bhikkhūnaṁ santike dūtaṁ pāhesi yadi panayyā āgame juṇhe vassaṁ upagaccheyyunti.

Now at that time King Seniya Bimbisāra of Magadha, wanting to delay the Rains[1], sent a messenger to the presence of the monks, (saying,) “When the next bright fortnight comes, may the masters enter for the Rains.”

vassanāmakaṁ paṭhamamāsaṁ ukkaḍḍhitukāmo, sāvaṇamāsaṁ akatvā puna āsāḷhīmāsameva kattukāmoti attho.

āgame juṇheti āgame māseti attho.

Wanting to delay the first month of the Rains; desiring not to make (the next month) the month of Sāvaṇā, but to make it that very month of Āsāḷha again.

“The next bright fortnight”: That means the next month.

bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

They reported the matter to the Blessed One.

anujānāmi bhikkhave rājūnaṁ anuvattitunti.

“Monks, I allow that kings be complied with.” [BMC]

anujānāmi bhikkhave rājūnaṁ anuvattitunti ettha vassukkaḍḍhane bhikkhūnaṁ kāci parihāni nāma natthīti anuvattituṁ anuññātaṁ, tasmā aññasmimpi dhammike kamme anuvattitabbaṁ. adhammike pana na kassaci anuvattitabbaṁ.

“Monks, I allow that kings be complied with”: (The Buddha) allowed (the king) to be complied with, (thinking,) “In this case — delaying the Rains — there is no harm for the monks.” Thus in the case of another action [or: transaction] in line with the Dhamma, (a king) should also be complied with. But in the case it is not in line with the Dhamma, no one should be complied with.

Notes

1.
In the Buddha’s time, kings would determine the lunar calendar, making it easier to coordinate agricultural work or to keep the calendar in line with the actual seasons and avoid disagreements that would arise over this matter.
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